Sentences with phrase «with changes in lapse rate»

One resolves in this manner the short - term components of the climate response, such as hydrological perturbations associated with changes in lapse rate.

Not exact matches

It has been argued that the land amplification is associated with lapse rate changes (not represented in the UVic model), and it is certain that drying of the land can play a role (not reliable in the UVic model since diffusing water vapor gives you a crummy hydrological cycle, especially over land).

According to thermodynamics and a largely fixed lapse rate, the average cloud height will simply shift up and down in altitude with change in temperature, which you can see in their Figure 2.

Indeed, there is a clear physical reason why this is the case — the increase in water vapour as surface air temperature rises causes a change in the moist - adiabatic lapse rate (the decrease of temperature with height) such that the surface to mid-tropospheric gradient decreases with increasing temperature (i.e. it warms faster aloft).

Temperature tends to respond so that, depending on optical properties, LW emission will tend to reduce the vertical differential heating by cooling warmer parts more than cooler parts (for the surface and atmosphere); also (not significant within the atmosphere and ocean in general, but significant at the interface betwen the surface and the air, and also significant (in part due to the small heat fluxes involved, viscosity in the crust and somewhat in the mantle (where there are thick boundary layers with superadiabatic lapse rates) and thermal conductivity of the core) in parts of the Earth's interior) temperature changes will cause conduction / diffusion of heat that partly balances the differential heating.

With one band (along with the convective lapse rate below the tropopause) establishing the atmospheric temperature profile, adding some other band of absorption may result in some different pattern of temperature chaWith one band (along with the convective lapse rate below the tropopause) establishing the atmospheric temperature profile, adding some other band of absorption may result in some different pattern of temperature chawith the convective lapse rate below the tropopause) establishing the atmospheric temperature profile, adding some other band of absorption may result in some different pattern of temperature change.

The lapse rate within the troposphere is largely determined by convection, which redistributes any changes in radiative heating or cooling within the troposphere + surface so that all levels tend to shift temperature similarly (with some regional / latitudinal, diurnal, and seasonal exceptions, and some exceptions for various transient weather events).

The issue with the Mauritsen and Stevens piece is that it tries to go well beyond a «what if» modeling experiment, and attempts to make contact with a lot of other issues related to historical climate change (the hiatus, changes in the hydrologic cycle, observed tropical lapse rate «hotspot» stuff, changes in the atmsopheric circulation, etc) by means of what the «iris» should look like in other climate signals.

First, for changing just CO2 forcing (or CH4, etc, or for a non-GHE forcing, such as a change in incident solar radiation, volcanic aerosols, etc.), there will be other GHE radiative «forcings» (feedbacks, though in the context of measuring their radiative effect, they can be described as having radiative forcings of x W / m2 per change in surface T), such as water vapor feedback, LW cloud feedback, and also, because GHE depends on the vertical temperature distribution, the lapse rate feedback (this generally refers to the tropospheric lapse rate, though changes in the position of the tropopause and changes in the stratospheric temperature could also be considered lapse - rate feedbacks for forcing at TOA; forcing at the tropopause with stratospheric adjustment takes some of that into account; sensitivity to forcing at the tropopause with stratospheric adjustment will generally be different from sensitivity to forcing without stratospheric adjustment and both will generally be different from forcing at TOA before stratospheric adjustment; forcing at TOA after stratospehric adjustment is identical to forcing at the tropopause after stratospheric adjustment).

When optical thickness is large, the net flux will tend to be small, but the flux will vary with lapse rate (according to the corresponding Planck function «lapse rate») and a sufficiently sharp change in that lapse rate could lead to some significant flux convergence or divergence at that level (net radiant heating or cooling).

The saturated lapse rate will be reduced beneath the clouds and increased above them with little change in ocean surface temperature.

And I change my mind about convection in this GHG - free case: I have to remember that the adiabatic lapse rate only sets an upper limit of the temperature decline with altitude; in fact conditions of temperature inversion, in which the temperature is constant or rises with altitude, are also stable.

As Frank pointed out in a comment at Science of Doom, the change in downwelling longwave radiation is only redistributing energy, contributing to some warming at the surface, perhaps with some effect on ocean overturning, and changing the lapse rate.

This suggests that the well - known changes in temperature lapse rates associated with the tropopause / stratosphere regions are related to the phase change, and not «ozone heating», which had been the previous explanation.

Based on the understanding of both the physical processes that control key climate feedbacks (see Section 8.6.3), and also the origin of inter-model differences in the simulation of feedbacks (see Section 8.6.2), the following climate characteristics appear to be particularly important: (i) for the water vapour and lapse rate feedbacks, the response of upper - tropospheric RH and lapse rate to interannual or decadal changes in climate; (ii) for cloud feedbacks, the response of boundary - layer clouds and anvil clouds to a change in surface or atmospheric conditions and the change in cloud radiative properties associated with a change in extratropical synoptic weather systems; (iii) for snow albedo feedbacks, the relationship between surface air temperature and snow melt over northern land areas during spring and (iv) for sea ice feedbacks, the simulation of sea ice thickness.

This difference reflects the respective changes in the rate of temperature decrease with altitude (or lapse rate), which is in turn influenced by the amount of moisture in the atmosphere.

Dry adiabatic lapse rate (DALR) means the change in temperature with a change in pressure (altitude) when the contained water vapor is NOT changing state.

So, if you «try» to change the temperature structure of the atmosphere by changing the heat flows between the surface and atmosphere, the atmosphere just responds by altering the convection to cancel out most of this change and you end up with basically the same temperature structure you started with (modulo the issues involving the moist adiabatic lapse rate... i.e., the fact that the adiabatic lapse rate changes some with heating, which genuinely does cause a change in the temperature structure and leads to the lapse rate feedback, a negative feedback already included in all of the climate models).

Satellite data only goes back about 30 years and is in rough agreement with the surface analysis and model expectations of changes in the lapse rate.

A greenhouse effect governed by scattering of IR light would also not be sensitive to a cloud temperature (or the lapse rate in general) wheras the temperature change with altitude is the key behind the existence of the traditional absorption / emission GHG effect on Earth.

(We account for changes in Cp with lapse - rate feedback.)

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