Sentences with phrase «with cognitive mechanisms»

«We are equipped with cognitive mechanisms devoted to this type of cue because the ability to recognise, for example, the «mafia man,» the «criminal» or the «policeman» can save our lives.»

Not exact matches

Post-partum depression poses substantial adverse consequences for mothers and their infants via multiple direct biological (i.e., medication exposure, maternal genetic factors) and environmental (i.e., life with a depressed mother) mechanisms.8, 9 From the earliest newborn period, infants are very sensitive to the emotional states of their mothers and other caregivers.10, 11 Maternal mood and behaviour appear to compromise infant social, emotional and cognitive functioning.11 - 15 As children grow, the impact of maternal mental illness appears as cognitive compromise, insecure attachment and behavioural difficulties during the preschool and school periods.6,16 - 19

Physical punishment is associated with a range of mental health problems in children, youth and adults, including depression, unhappiness, anxiety, feelings of hopelessness, use of drugs and alcohol, and general psychological maladjustment.26 — 29 These relationships may be mediated by disruptions in parent — child attachment resulting from pain inflicted by a caregiver, 30,31 by increased levels of cortisol32 or by chemical disruption of the brain's mechanism for regulating stress.33 Researchers are also finding that physical punishment is linked to slower cognitive development and adversely affects academic achievement.34 These findings come from large longitudinal studies that control for a wide range of potential confounders.35 Intriguing results are now emerging from neuroimaging studies, which suggest that physical punishment may reduce the volume of the brain's grey matter in areas associated with performance on the Wechsler Adult Intelligence Scale, third edition (WAIS - III).36 In addition, physical punishment can cause alterations in the dopaminergic regions associated with vulnerability to the abuse of drugs and alcohol.37

The research was done in collaboration with the Center for Neural Basis of Cognition, a cross-university research and educational program between Carnegie Mellon and the University of Pittsburgh that leverages each institution's strengths to investigate the cognitive and neural mechanisms that give rise to biological intelligence and behavior.

«On the other hand, if these seemingly different abilities are carried out by overlapping cognitive mechanisms or brain areas, then experience with musical pitch processing should affect language pitch processing, and vice versa.»

«We want to combine neuroimaging and cognitive assays with clinical symptoms to enhance prodromal diagnosis, identify neuroprotective agents to target underlying disease mechanisms in the brain, and develop behavioral and cognitive exercises that will increase the patient's ability to adapt.»

The cognitive mechanisms that underlie social behavior in preschoolers, and the extent to which they employ strategic thinking in their interactions with each other are subject to intense debate.

The roadmap outlines future research directions toward the goal of enhancing human radioresistance, including upregulation of endogenous repair and radioprotective mechanisms, possible leeways into gene therapy in order to enhance radioresistance via the translation of exogenous and engineered DNA repair and radioprotective mechanisms, the substitution of organic molecules with fortified isoforms, the coordination of regenerative and ablative technologies, and methods of slowing metabolic activity while preserving cognitive function.

A new study by Kessler Foundation scientists sheds light on the mechanisms underlying cognitive fatigue in individuals with multiple sclerosis.

Damian Bailey, a physiologist at the University of South Wales, Pontypridd, in the United Kingdom and the project's lead scientist, hopes the risky experiment will yield new information about how the human body responds to low - oxygen conditions, and how similar mechanisms might drive cognitive decline with aging.

«We believe that these severe responses are connected to a type of emotional / general cognitive strategy used by MS patients, possibly emerging as a mechanism to cope with their medical condition and the many challenges that are associated with it,» says Ezequiel Gleichgerrcht, a neurologist and researcher at the Medical University of South Carolina.

Progress in this research project has the potential to provide insights into large - scale circuit mechanisms of cognitive deficits associated with schizophrenia and other mental disorders.

Finally, Dr. Parsons embarked on a series of studies to characterize the neural mechanisms that underlie persistent cognitive impairments, including excessive impulsivity and impaired cognitive flexibility, that are associated with long - term drug use.

This tenet links and integrates basic molecular and cellular mechanisms in an organism with cognitive motivations and psychology.

Moreover, PHENONIM - ICS is involved in European projects presenting a strong impact on human health: Interreg CARDIOGENE (Genetic mechanisms of cardiovascular diseases), GENCODYS (Genetic and epigenetic networks involved in cognitive dysfunctions), AgedBrainSYSBIO (Basic studies of brain aging), as well as projects in partnership with industry: MAGenTA (an Industrial Strategic Innovation project supported by Bpifrance about the treatment of major urogenital diseases) and CanPathPro (H2020 program), to develop a predictive modeling platform of signaling pathways involved in cancers.

EM is a principal investigator at Brown University who explores the genetic and molecular mechanisms underlying disorders of cognitive development, such as intellectual disability and autism, with a specific attention to CS.

Recent estimates suggest that as many as 1.9 million children younger than 18 years have a sport - or recreation - related concussion each year in the United States.1 This injury is biomechanically induced, with symptoms resulting from neuronal dysfunction due to functional and neurometabolic alterations rather than gross structural abnormalities.2 Compared with boys involved in similar activities, girls experience higher rates of sport - related concussion,3 - 7 report more severe symptoms,8 - 11 demonstrate worse cognitive impairment,8 - 10, 12 and take longer to recover.11 The neural mechanisms behind these postconcussion sex differences are poorly understood but have been attributed to differences in neuroanatomy and physiology, 13 cerebral blood flow, 14 and the female sex hormones estrogen and progesterone.15 - 17

There are several additional cognitive mechanisms that are associated with pathological reactions such as generalization and sensitization of trauma memory reminders.

Functional studies in rodent models suggest that OPHN1 linked ID is a consequence of abnormal synaptic transmission and shares common pathophysiological mechanisms with other cognitive disorders.

Blood Flow Biomarkers Measured with Diffuse Correlation Spectroscopy Elucidate Mechanisms of Cognitive Dysfunction After Repetitive Concussion

Though the authors couldn't pinpoint a mechanism from this study — it was associative — they note that one possibility is that the overconsumption of sugars and refined starches is a risk factor for inflammation and cardiovascular disease, both of which have been linked to the development of depression.This kind of diet could also lead insulin resistance, which has been linked to cognitive deficits similar to those found in people with major depression.

Yoga research for individuals with PTSD is in the early stages, and more empirically rigorous studies are needed to understand the specific mechanisms (cognitive, emotional, behavioral, physiological, etc.) that might be affected by regular yoga practice, as well as yoga's direct effects on PTSD symptoms.

«Messy play» - a learning mechanism whereby children are encouraged to get stuck in to exploring the world through various different textures (such as sifting through a sandpit with their hands, mushing mud through their palms or squelching goo between their fingers)- is essential for their social, emotional and cognitive development.

Cognitive mechanisms underlying achievement deficits in children with mathematical learning disability.

Wilson (1993) explained, «Learning is an everyday event that is social in nature because it occurs with other people; it is «tool dependent» because the setting provides mechanisms... that aid and structure the cognitive process» (p. 73).

Here are a few of the labs and research centers that include schizophrenia as one of their primary areas of inquiry: Duke Schizophrenia Research Group The Schizophrenia Research Group at Duke University in Durham, NC, focuses on the mechanisms of cognitive deficits in patients with schizophrenia.

While the mechanism is not known for certain, SAM - e has also shown a reduction in clinical signs associated with canine cognitive dysfunction.

This talk will explore the history and place of printmaking and the printed image in the development of the city as a social centre and the way that we have evolved cognitive mechanisms to deal with complex visual systems that guide and inform our everyday lives.

Stress paradigms in rodent models have been associated with elevated anxiety and contrasting alterations in neuronal morphology in the hippocampus and amygdala, with dendritic atrophy observed in the hippocampus and increased dendritic arborization in the amygdala.12, 13 Developing rodents deprived of maternal nurturance show decreased hippocampal volume and altered stress reactivity.14 An epigenetic mechanism for this effect has been elaborated.15 Importantly, controlled trials that have randomized institutionalized toddlers to early therapeutic foster care vs institutionalization have documented the deleterious effects of early relative deprivation on cognitive outcomes.16

Cognitive behaviour therapy (CBT) is the most well - researched and established psychotherapeutic approach for treating depression.1 However, as with antidepressant medications, 2 many unanswered questions remain about the mechanisms through which CBT for depression produces its therapeutic effects.

The first 5 years of life are critical for the development of language and cognitive skills.1 By kindergarten entry, steep social gradients in reading and math ability, with successively poorer outcomes for children in families of lower social class, are already apparent.2 — 4 Early cognitive ability is, in turn, predictive of later school performance, educational attainment, and health in adulthood5 — 7 and may serve as a marker for the quality of early brain development and a mechanism for the transmission of future health inequalities.8 Early life represents a time period of most equality and yet, beginning with in utero conditions and extending through early childhood, a wide range of socially stratified risk and protective factors may begin to place children on different trajectories of cognitive development.9, 10

Children raised in families that experience multiple transitions do not consistently have higher levels of behavioral problems or lower test scores than do children in family types with one or fewer transitions, even when only child characteristics are controlled... Finally, maternal psychological well - being is shown to be an important mechanism by which family structure affects behavioral outcomes, but not cognitive ones.»

Antenatal depression may not only alter development of stress - related biological systems in the fetus, but may also increase risk of obstetrical complications.6 Postnatal depression may also be an early life stressor given known associations with lower levels of sensitive, responsive care needed for infants» development of health attachment relationships, emotional regulation skills, interpersonal skills and stress response mechanisms.7 Early life stressors, such as those that might be associated with maternal depression, can influence brain development, which continues at a rapid pace at least for several years after birth.8 Problems in any of these aspects of development may disrupt the earliest stages of socio - emotional and cognitive development, predisposing to the later development of depression or other disorders.

We use a variety of modalities, including Dialectical Behavior Therapy, Mindfulness, and Cognitive Behavioral Therapy, to treat clients who struggle with self - harm and other unhealthy coping mechanisms to deal with stress.

Cognitive behavioral therapy focuses on teaching those who demonstrate aggressive and violent behavior to better understand and control their aggression, explore various coping mechanisms to better channel the thoughts and feelings associated with violent behavior, and learn how to properly assess the consequences of aggression or violence.

Cognitive - behavioural stress management with HIV - positive homosexual men: Mechanisms of sustained reductions in depressive symptoms.

The Differential Amygdala Activation Model (DAAM)[12] is a recently developed model of amygdala function that has proposed a mechanism by which the subtle cognitive and emotional deficits characteristic of people with high CU traits, may develop.

These finding suggest that antisocial behaviour problems characterised by high levels of CU traits may have unique aetiological mechanisms associated with specific cognitive and affective impairments that are heavily dependent on genetics.

This argument is in line with the claim that the interpersonal processes associated with agreeableness are the result of cognitive self - regulation mechanisms and not just with conformity and social desirability [29].