Sentences with phrase «with cyclin»

Cyclins form complexes with cyclin - dependent kinases (CDKs), unique to each cell - cycle phase, and activate specific genes to drive cells through their cycles.

A large number of hippocampal neurons were stained with cyclin - dependent kinase 5 in the offspring from the ethanol - treated group (immunofluorescence, x 400).

The same occurred with the cyclin discovery.

Not exact matches

Cyclin D is synthesized during the first stage of cell replication and is believed to help drive the complex, multi-stage process, including interaction with the retinoblastoma (Rb) protein, whose function is to prevent excessive cell growth by inhibiting cell cycle progression until a cell is ready to divide.

But mutated or dysfunctional Rb is associated with several major cancers and Cyclin D has long been described as an oncogene that promotes cancer because it was believed to inactivate the Rb tumor suppressor function through a process called phosphorylation, which involves phosphate molecules being added to proteins, essentially turning them on or off.

But in addition to these factors, Hunt, who won a share of the 2001 Nobel Prize in physiology or medicine (along with Leland Hartwell and Paul Nurse) for his discovery of cyclin, a key regulator of the cell cycle, emphasizes early independence and playfulness.

Maternal alcohol consumption prior to and during pregnancy significantly affects cognitive functions in offspring, which may be related to changes in cyclin - dependent kinase 5 because it is associated with modulation of synaptic plasticity and impaired learning and memory.

Liver cells lacking TRF1 gene (right) show, under chronic stress, larger nuclei and other markers characteristic of patients with cirrhosis or hepatitis (an increase in p21, PCNA and cyclin D1), when compared to normal cells under the same stimulus (left).

Normal cells keep E2F levels in check with a protein called pRB and an enzyme called cyclin A-cdk2.

For some reason, pRB is turned off in all types of cancer cells, leaving them with only cyclin A-cdk2 to regulate E2F.

Among the serine - threonine kinases, p38, Rho - kinase, cyclin - dependent kinases, and Chk1 have been targeted with productive results for inflammation and cancer.

When these mice were crossed with mice lacking cyclin D2, all their progeny developed diabetes because they produced dramatically fewer beta cells.

A randoMized phAse II trIal of fulvestraNt wiTh or without Ribociclib After progression on AntI-estrogeN therapy plus cyclin - dependent kinase 4/6 inhibition in patients with unresectable or metastatic hormone receptor positive, HER2 negative breast cancer (MAINTAIN Trial)

Equal amounts of single or mixed populations of recombinant TFIIHs (containing XPD, XPB, p62, p52, His - p44, Flag - p34, cdk7, cyclin H, Mat1, and p8) were mixed with recombinant XPG, XPF / ERCC1, XPC / hHR23B, RPA, and a radiolabelled synthetic NER substrate.

Glennie et al 134 have shown that T cells stimulated in co-cultures with MSC exhibit an extensive inhibition of cyclin D2 and upregulation of the cyclin dependent kinase inhibitor p27kip1.

P16 binds to cyclin - dependent kinases 4 and 6 (CDK4 and CDK6) and inhibits phosphorylation of Rb, which remains associated with the transcription factor, E2F.

It is known that one of the pathways involved in cutaneous cancer is mediated through CDKN2A which is a gene associated with melanoma dysregulation through its pro-oncogenic products p16INK4a (Cyclin - Dependent Kinase Inhibitor P16) and p14ARF (P14 alternate open reading frame)[28].

Cyclin D1 was statistically significantly correlated with PR - positivity (P = 0.047), hence there was 63.3 % of the all malignant cases were PR - positive compared to 36.7 % were PR - negative.

Malignant cases of GII revealed strong positive expression of Cyclin D1 in invasive ductal epithelial cells and stroma, while negative stain was seen in the invader cells with vesicular polymorphic nuclei (Figure 2C).

This result was agreed with several previous studies who stated that, Cyclin D1 showed nuclear and cytoplasmic staining and had an extensive range of intensities between different sections [22, 23].

Cyclin D1 was statistically significantly correlated with ER - positivity (P = 0.012), hence there was 66.3 % of the all malignant cases were ER - positive compared to 33.3 % were ER - negative.

Through interaction with the cdk / cyclin complexes, p21waf1 / cip1 modulates their kinase activity, resulting in cell growth arrest (10).

Lin chart illustrates the correlation between Cyclin D1 IOD in Grade III with percentage of apoptotic phase.

These finding were exactly in accordance with Gillet et al., 1996 [24], who stated that, Cyclin D1 staining did not appear to correlate with an increased S - phase fraction as judged by flow cytometry.

Our suggestion was supported by the previous study, who stated that patients with higher Cyclin D1 expression had longer both overall survival and relapse - free survival [26].

Sections from all cases were subjected to stain with haematoxylin and eosin (H&E) for histopathological examination and immunohistochemical technique for Cyclin D1 in addition using flow cytometric technique to perform cell cycle analysis.

These findings for scoring expression were agreed with Gillet et al., 1996 [24], who stated in their study that, moderate / strong staining of Cyclin D1 had a longer relapse - free survival than patients whose tumors stained weakly or negatively for Cyclin D1 with a great significant difference (P = 0.007).

Maria Anna Ciemerych began her research with studies focusing at the cell cycle regulation of mouse oocytes and preimplantation embryos (Ph.D. at the University of Warsaw), then investigated the role of the cell cycle regulators - D - type cyclins, in mouse development (Dana Farber Cancer Institute, Harvard Medical School).

On the other hand, the present study declared that Cyclin D1 was statistically significant correlated with ER - positivity (P = 0.012), hence Cyclin D1 - staining in all malignant cases scored 66.7 % ER - positive versus to 33.3 % ER - negative.

Activated E2F leading to transcription of several target genes including cyclin E in late G1 phase which form active complex with CDK2 drives progression from G1 to S phase [7].

The sections were incubated with primary antibody of Cyclin D1 (Genemed Biotechnologies company, South San Francisco, USA) at 4ºC overnight.

As regard to cyclin Dl expression, the present result showed that it was mostly nuclear staining with variable range of stain intensity between different sections in the individual groups.

This work was aimed to evaluate the prognostic role of Cyclin D1 in invasive ductal carcinoma (IDC) and its correlation with other established prognostic parameters of breast cancer.

(A) Normal case: negative Cyclin D1 - immunostaining in the ductal epithelial cells, (B) Benign case: few nuclei with weak expression of Cyclin D1 of ductal epithelial cell, and negative one in stromal cells, (C) IDC GII case: a strong positive expression of Cyclin D1 in invasive ductal epithelial cells and stroma, (D) IDC GIII case: moderate positive expression of Cyclin D1 in trabeculae malignant cells, and absent in the vesiculated polymorphic nuclei.

CCND1, which encodes cyclin D1, is amplified in a number of melanomas with wild - type BRAF and NRAS.

Moreover, Cyclin D1 was statistically significant correlated with PR - positivity (P = 0.047), hence there was 63.3 % of all malignant cases were PR - positive compared to 36.7 % were PR - negative.

Senderowicz AM, Headlee D, Stinson SF, et al: Phase I trial of continuous infusion flavopiridol, a novel cyclin - dependent kinase inhibitor, in patients with refractory neoplasms.

By examining the results of genome - wide association studies (GWAS) in conjunction with experiments on mouse and human red blood cells (RBCs), researchers in the lab of Whitehead Institute Founding Member Harvey Lodish have identified the protein cyclin D3 as regulating the number of cell divisions RBC progenitors undergo, which ultimately affects the resulting size and quantity of RBCs.

[5,7,9] Flavopiridol also inhibits cdk7 / cyclin H, thus preventing the phosphorylation and subsequent activation of several cdks [6,8] and down - regulates cyclin D1, the cyclin associated with cdks 4 and 6.

Differentiation is associated with a decrease in cyclin E1 and a concomitant elevation in D - type cyclins and cdk inhibitor transcripts [57], [60].

I take Cyclin - GF with Probolic - SR, a sustained - release combination protein formula that feeds my muscles for up to 12 hours, so I avoid going into a catabolic state at night.