Sentences with phrase «with cytosine»

Comparison of intrathecal chemotherapy for leptomeningeal carcinomatosis of a solid tumor: methotrexate alone versus methotrexate in combination with cytosine arabinoside and hydrocortisone.

In DNA's double helix, adenine pairs with thymine, and guanine with cytosine.

Those four bases are adenine (A) which pairs with thymine (T)(or uracil (U) in RNA), and guanine (G) pairs with cytosine (C).

And Guanine, which only binds with Cytosine.

Not exact matches

Base oxidation regulates gene activity In cooperation with colleagues at LMU, as well as researchers based in Berlin, Basel and Utrecht, Carell and his group have now shown, for the first time, that a standard base other than cytosine is also modified in embryonic stem cells of mice.

They found that methylation levels correlated with Alzheimer's disease in 71 of 415,848 CpG markers analyzed (these are a pair of DNA building blocks consisting of a cytosine and a guanine nucleotide that are located next to each other).

Previous work had shown that two variations in the COX - 2 gene, with either a guanine (G) or a cytosine (C) molecule at a particular spot in the gene's DNA sequence, lead to different levels of COX - 2 protein.

When a methyl group (a carbon atom with three hydrogen atoms attached) binds to a cytosine molecule (one of the four nucleotides that make up DNA), it tells the cell's transcription machinery not to transcribe that gene.

They subsequently co-encapsulated the cells with magnetic iron oxide in immunoprotective alginate microcapsules and then remotely triggered cytosine deaminase expression by alternating magnetic field - induced hyperthermia.

The sequence GGAC, code for the bases guanine - guanine - adenine - cytosine, stood out because it appeared with surprising frequency in the unprocessed primary microRNAs.

Working with French composer Richard Krüll, the pair turned the complete nucleotide sequences of several microbe genes into compositions based on DNA bases: A (adenosine), C (cytosine), G (guanine), and Thymine (which they have translated to «Re,» or D).

Our and previous findings suggest that both HDACs and cytosine methylation contribute to HIV - 1 latency, in agreement with a growing body of evidence demonstrating cooperation between these two gene silencing mechanisms [55], [56].

All of the cells were allowed to attach for 4 hr before the elongation - device chamber was filled with complete medium containing the mitotic inhibitors [mitotic inhibitor 1 (MI1), 5 μm cytosine β - d - arabinofuranoside (AraC; Sigma, St. Louis, MO), 20 μm 5 - fluoro - 2 ′ - deoxyuridine (5FdU; Sigma), and 20 μm uridine (Sigma)-RSB-.

New nucleotides — adenine, cytosine, guanine or thymine — are filled into the gaps on the other side of the backbone, pairing with their counterparts (adenine with thymine and cytosine with guanine) and replicating the DNA to make a copy for both the old and the new cells.

However, because J - Lat cells divide autonomously and possess other aberrations associated with cellular transformation, cytosine methylation was analyzed in a recently developed primary cell model of latency [43].

Chief among these telltale DNA alteration patterns is cytosine deamination, in which cytosine (C) bases are replaced with uracil (U), a base that normally occurs in RNA.

For DNA, adenine (A) matches up with thymine (T), and cytosine (C) matches up with guanine (G).

The recovered DNA sequences exhibited signatures of postmortem DNA damage typical of ancient DNA, with preferential fragmentation at purines and inflated rates of cytosine deamination at single - stranded overhangs (19, 20).

But to a chemist such as Benner, of the Florida - based Foundation for Applied Molecular Evolution, the map of life actually is an alphabet with four letters, each representing a chemical base: adenine (represented by the letter A), guanine (G), cytosine (C), and thymine (T).

These coding regions of the genome have a characteristic broad distribution of GC3 (fraction of cytosine and guanine in the third position of a codon) with over half the GC3 - rich genes (GC3.

With four different nucleotides comprising our genetic code (adenine, guanine, cytosine, and thymine), the barcodes are long enough to be distinct from other stretches of DNA in the genome, and also allow for the generation of a seemingly limitless number of codes.

If an unzipped segment of DNA is added as a template to a solution with the tPNA components, the nucelobase soldiers will automatically assume a formation on peptide strands that complements the DNA according to standard Watson - Crick pairing of adenine with thymine and cytosine with guanine.

(B) RNA was collected from untreated P19 cells or cells differentiated as described above with the addition of 5 ug / mL cytosine arabinosidase (Ara - C), followed by RT - PCR analysis.

We present a framework for mapping cytosine and adenosine methylation with the Oxford Nanopore Technologies MinION using this nanopore sequencer's ionic current signal.

To eliminate the possibility of any undifferentiated cells in the cultures accounting for this observation, DMSO - differentiated cells were treated with the anti-proliferative agent cytosine arabinosidase (Ara - C), starting two days after aggregate plating.

Each staple strand is made up of a specific sequence of bases (adenine, cytosine, thaline and guanine — the building blocks of DNA), which is designed to pair with specific subsequences on the scaffold strand.

By finding and attaching the complementary base pairs, students understand that adenine can only pair with thymine, and cytosine can only pair with guanine.

By creating their own model of DNA, students should understand the component parts (sugar and phosphate «backbone» with complementary base pairs, adenine and thymine, cytosine and guanine) as well as the overall three - dimensional double helix or spiral structure of the molecule.