2:25 - 2:40 Experiences of HIV - positive mothers
with early cessation of breastfeeding - Paul Bakaki, Mulago Hospital Kampala, Uganda
Breastfeeding in preterm and term twins — maternal factors associated
with early cessation: a population - based study
Not exact matches
Breast milk is a critical source of energy and nutrients during illness and reduces mortality among children who are malnourished.3 It reduces the risk of a number of acute and chronic diseases in
early childhood and has long - term benefits for cardio - vascular health.4 In the context of HIV,
early cessation of breastfeeding after six months is associated
with increased serious morbidity, growth faltering, and increased mortality.5
When I compared the breastfeeding advice coming from formula companies
with smoking
cessation advice coming from tobacco companies
earlier I was not likening formula to tobacco.
Early cessation of breastfeeding or not breastfeeding was associated
with an increased risk of maternal postpartum depression.
This is strongly associated
with the use of «supplementary» formula feeding, which displaces breastmilk and inhibits breastmilk production, increasing the risk of
early cessation of breast feeding 13 - 24 fold.
Disrupted lactation is common,
with one in eight women reporting
early, undesired
cessation of breastfeeding because of multiple problems
with pain, low milk supply, and the infant being able to latch on to the breast (25).
Supplementation
with formula or donor EBM may be considered by staff if it is thought that there is insufficient supply of mother's own EBM, however inadequate pumping can lead to reduced stimulation of the breast, a reduced maternal milk supply and
earlier cessation or less likelihood of exclusive breastfeeding (Gromada 1998).
A previous study highlighted infant nutrition as a major contributor to the
early microbiota composition and function,
with cessation of breastfeeding contributing the most fundamental shift in the composition of bacteria.8 A longitudinal study
with more participants would allow us to determine the temporal dynamics of the effects of feeding practices and changes therein, as well as the persistence of the effects of both feeding and delivery mode later in infancy.
While
early initiation of ART did result in a delay in the time to viral rebound (the time it takes for virus replication to be observed in the blood following
cessation of ART) as compared
with later treatment, the inability to eradicate the viral reservoir
with very
early initiation of ART suggests that additional strategies will be needed to cure HIV infection.
To address this gap, the researchers studied baseline QoL and clinical factors to determine associations
with overall survival and
early chemotherapy
cessation.
Baseline quality of life measures predict
early cessation of chemotherapy and overall survival in women
with platinum - resistant / refractory, recurrent ovarian cancer.
Also, only one study reported on the association of smoking
cessation and prognosis in a sample of patients presenting in mainly advanced disease, so the implication of these findings that smoking
cessation is beneficial applies only to patients
with early disease.
Assuming that the findings of the review reflected a causal relation between smoking
cessation and risk of all cause mortality, we further investigated the data by constructing life tables for a hypothetical group of 100 patients aged 65 years
with early stage lung cancer to estimate how many deaths would be prevented by smoking
cessation within the non-small cell lung cancer and small cell lung cancer populations during five years.
Background:
Early menopause, defined as the
cessation of ovarian function before the age of 45 y, affects ∼ 10 % of women and is associated
with higher risk of cardiovascular disease, osteoporosis, and other conditions.
The cooling fears of the 60's and
early 70's coincided
with weak cycle 20 and the
cessation of warming occurred during cycle 23 which has been weaker than the two cycles before it.
The cooling fears of the 60's and
early 70's coincided
with slightly weaker (but still historically high) solar cycle 20 and the recent
cessation of warming occurred during cycle 23 which has been slightly weaker than the two cycles before it.
The
early 1940s were characterized by strong El Ninos that probably contributed to the spike around 1945, and whose
cessation contributed to the post-1945 decline, possibly in combination
with PDO changes.