The Potato virus X TGBp2 protein association
with the endoplasmic reticulum plays a role in but is not sufficient for viral cell - to - cell movement.
Simmen suggests that it could be a yet - to - be-determined defect
with the endoplasmic reticulum itself.
Not exact matches
They then separated the cells into two groups — those containing mRNAs associated
with ribosomes on the
endoplasmic reticulum, and those containing mRNAs associated
with free - floating ribosomes in the neighboring fluid - filled space known as the cytosol.
Moreover, a funnel - shaped pore in the Sec61 oligomer aligned
with the exit of a tunnel traversing the large ribosomal subunit, strongly suggesting that both structures function together in the translocation of proteins across the
endoplasmic reticulum membrane.
The problem
with making blood stem cells proliferate outside the body is that the artificial growth gives rise to an accumulation of abnormal proteins in a part of the cell called the
endoplasmic reticulum, ER.
Starting in the late 1980s, their labs revealed steps in how the
endoplasmic reticulum, the cell's factory for processing secreted and membrane proteins, deals
with proteins whose linear sequence of amino acids hasn't folded into a proper 3D shape.
Specifically, under stress, caused by uncontrolled ingestion of fats for example, the
endoplasmic reticulum — a cell organelle associated
with protein synthesis and folding and lipid metabolism — stops its activity in order to re-establish cell equilibrium.
In both yeast and humans, proteins are produced in the
endoplasmic reticulum, decorated
with a complex of mannose and other sugars, and eventually shipped to the Golgi apparatus for further processing.
The principal component analysis revealed that aging explains ~ 16 % of protein expression variability and is associated
with Gene Ontology terms transmembrane, integral / intrinsic membrane,
endoplasmic reticulum and mitochondrion.
α2B - adrenergic receptor interaction
with tubulin controls its transport from the
endoplasmic reticulum to the cell surface.
But, what if an FP fusion
with a resident
endoplasmic reticulum (ER) protein instead localizes to the cytoplasm?
In agreement
with this hypothesis we found that in HeLa cells, the B - subunit resisted extraction by Triton X-100 until its arrival in the target compartments of the retrograde pathway, i.e., the Golgi apparatus and the
endoplasmic reticulum.
With Cell Painting, a technique developed at the Broad, researchers tag eight cellular components and organelles (actin, cytoplasmic RNA, endoplasmic reticulum, Golgi apparatus, mitochondria, nucleus, nucleolus, and the plasma membrane) with fluorescent d
With Cell Painting, a technique developed at the Broad, researchers tag eight cellular components and organelles (actin, cytoplasmic RNA,
endoplasmic reticulum, Golgi apparatus, mitochondria, nucleus, nucleolus, and the plasma membrane)
with fluorescent d
with fluorescent dyes.
Abbreviations: Aβ, amyloid β - peptide; AD, Alzheimer's disease; ALS, amyotrophic lateral sclerosis; Ambra1, activating molecule in Beclin -1-regulated autophagy; AMPK, AMP - activated protein kinase; APP, amyloid precursor protein; AR, androgen receptor; Atg, autophagy - related; AV, autophagic vacuole; Bcl, B - cell lymphoma; BH3, Bcl - 2 homology 3; CaMKKβ, Ca2 + - dependent protein kinase kinase β; CHMP2B, charged multivesicular body protein 2B; CMA, chaperone - mediated autophagy; 2 ′ 5 ′ ddA, 2 ′, 5 ′ - dideoxyadenosine; deptor, DEP - domain containing mTOR - interacting protein; DRPLA, dentatorubral pallidoluysian atrophy; 4E - BP1, translation initiation factor 4E - binding protein - 1; Epac, exchange protein directly activated by cAMP; ER,
endoplasmic reticulum; ERK1 / 2, extracellular - signal - regulated kinase 1/2; ESCRT, endosomal sorting complex required for transport; FAD, familial AD; FDA, U.S. Food and Drug Administration; FIP200, focal adhesion kinase family - interacting protein of 200 kDa; FoxO3, forkhead box O3; FTD, frontotemporal dementia; FTD3, FTD linked to chromosome 3; GAP, GTPase - activating protein; GR, guanidine retinoid; GSK3, glycogen synthase kinase 3; HD, Huntington's disease; hiPSC, human induced pluripotent stem cell; hVps, mammalian vacuolar protein sorting homologue; IKK, inhibitor of nuclear factor κB kinase; IMPase, inositol monophosphatase; IP3R, Ins (1,4,5) P3 receptor; I1R, imidazoline - 1 receptor; JNK1, c - Jun N - terminal kinase 1; LC3, light chain 3; LD, Lafora disease; L - NAME, NG - nitro - L - arginine methyl ester; LRRK2, leucine - rich repeat kinase 2; MIPS, myo - inositol -1-phosphate synthase; mLST8, mammalian lethal
with SEC13 protein 8; MND, motor neuron disease; mTOR, mammalian target of rapamycin; mTORC, mTOR complex; MVB, multivesicular body; NAC, N - acetylcysteine; NBR1, neighbour of BRCA1 gene 1; NOS, nitric oxide synthase; p70S6K, ribosomal protein S6 kinase - 1; PD, Parkinson's disease; PDK1, phosphoinositide - dependent kinase 1; PE, phosphatidylethanolamine; PI3K, phosphoinositide 3 - kinase; PI3KC1a, class Ia PI3K; PI3KC3, class III PI3K; PI3KK, PI3K - related protein kinase; PINK1, PTEN - induced kinase 1; PKA, protein kinase A; PLC, phospholipase C; polyQ, polyglutamine; PS, presenilin; PTEN, phosphatase and tensin homologue deleted from chromosome 10; Rag, Ras - related GTP - binding protein; raptor, regulatory - associated protein of mTOR; Rheb, Ras homologue enriched in brain; rictor, rapamycin - insensitive companion of mTOR; SBMA, spinobulbar muscular atrophy; SCA, spinocerebellar ataxia; SLC, solute carrier; SMER, small - molecule enhancer of rapamycin; SMIR, small - molecule inhibitor of rapamycin; SNARE, N - ethylmaleimide - sensitive factor - attachment protein receptor; SOD1, copper / zinc superoxide dismutase 1; TFEB, transcription factor EB; TOR, target of rapamycin; TSC, tuberous sclerosis complex; ULK1, UNC -51-like kinase 1; UVRAG, UV irradiation resistance - associated gene; VAMP, vesicle - associated membrane protein; v - ATPase, vacuolar H + - ATPase; Vps, vacuolar protein sorting
This signal was often punctate and localized to the cytoplasm, which is consistent
with expected cellular localization within the
endoplasmic reticulum and secretory vesicles.