Braking action too is mechanical and precise — Honda's regenerative braking works well,
with friction brakes not engaging under milder stops at speeds below 5 mph.
It's difficult to brake smoothly, with an initial jolt from the regenerative effect of the motor and then a period of muddiness as regen swaps
with friction braking.
Not exact matches
But it's not only the sheer stopping power that impresses, it's also how the car copes
with split -
friction turf, hot
brake discs, and wet pavement.
When performing a very strong
braking from medium - to - high speed on good surface, chances are that the limiting factor is not the ABS system nor the
friction with the tarmac, but
braking power.
Basic physical laws (e.g.
Friction = NormalForce * ConstantCoefficient), by the way, can not describe correctly such a complex scenario as a great mass
braking on an uneven surface,
with tyres deforming, car pitching on the nose, vibrations from the ABS kicking in.
As
with the Development Package, the Edition 507 car also includes an upgraded
brake system that includes lightweight discs (14.2 inches up front), six - piston front and four - piston rear calipers, and a different
friction compound for the pads.
With up to 0.3 g of electric deceleration available, the
friction brakes will die of boredom in city traffic.
The clutch disc has
friction surfaces similar to a
brake pad on both sides that make or break contact
with the metal flywheel and pressure plate surfaces, allowing for smooth engagement and disengagement.
Big
brake rotors and four - piston STR - 40 calipers from StopTech were added up front, while stock
brakes with Cobalt
Friction pads were used in the rear.
The Leaf's
braking response is smooth and predictable, and that's a big deal; in some alternative - fuel cars,
brake - pedal feel is half - baked,
with the traditional
friction brakes and regenerative
braking system not well - synchronized.
This situation would only match the basic
friction function if the vehicle were non-moving
with locked
brakes.
Revised steering (a specially modified steering rack, designed to reduce
friction and improve feel), improved wheel damping (via Bilstein shocks), uprated trim, and Lucerne
braking components are all aimed at providing the LaCrosse Super
with more over-the-road speed.
The standard
friction brakes are Brembos,
with six - piston calipers and 14.5 - inch vented aluminum rotors up front, and four - piston calipers and 14 - inch vented aluminum rotors in the rear.
Traffic regulations in a large number of countries require trucks to always drive
with an engaged gear, which in turn provides a certain amount of engine
braking (viscous losses to the engine oil and air pumped through the engine and
friction losses to the cylinder walls and bearings) when no accelerator pedal is applied.
IS F Dynamic Sport Tuning model (available in Japan) includes 7 PS (5 kW; 7 hp) engine power boost via low -
friction piston and pump, strengthened body contact, exclusive carbon front spoiler / rear diffuser, 7 kg (15 lb) lower body weight via exclusive titanium muffler, exclusive orange colour
brake caliper
with LEXUS logo, exclusive orange accent engine head cover, exclusive carbon interior panel at centre console and door switch base
with nameplate, choice of 7 body colours including exclusive starlight black glass flake.
Regenerative
braking is not by itself sufficient as the sole means of safely bringing a vehicle to a standstill, or slowing it as required, so it must be used in conjunction
with another
braking system such as
friction - based
braking.
Compared to electro - pneumatic
friction brakes,
braking with the traction motors can be regulated faster improving the performance of wheel slide protection.
It adds adaptive suspension and a broader range of manual adjustment for steering, transmission and skid - control electronics, a
brake upgrade
with larger rotors and high -
friction pads, ventilated sport seats, configurable TFT instrumentation and 19 - inch, staggered - width wheels
with sport tires.
This contrasts
with conventional
braking systems, where the excess kinetic energy is converted to unwanted and wasted heat by
friction in the
brakes, or
with dynamic
brakes, where energy is recovered by using electric motors as generators but is immediately dissipated as heat in resistors.
Furthermore,
with improvements to the return springs in the
braking system, drive
friction has been reduced.
The dust - busting,
friction - enhancing design of Centric's Posi - Quiet semi-metallic
brake pad sets will boost your
brake system
with smooth, reliable stopping power.
All four
brake discs come for the first time as a composite structure
with the
friction discs made of grey - cast iron, the
brake covers of light aluminium.
408 Blue Print Stroker V8, 989 factory 4 speed manual transmission, power
brakes, factory AM radio, bucket seats, 605 Edelbrock carburetor, Center Force Stage III dual
friction clutch, Hooker headers, B - Cool radiator and electric fans, high volumn oil pump, Purple cam 508 lift / 248 duration, Flaming River steering, new gas tank and sender, 8 3/4 inch rear end
with.355 posi, Edelbrock intake, 4 piton calipers, Axel - Vac chamber for power
brakes, 2 chambers Flowmasters
with 3 inch pipe, complete rebuild on front end assembly, and 5 on 4 — 15 inch Centerline wheels.
Likewise, a high - performance motorsport
braking system was added
with the front getting treated to a 4 - pot fixed caliper
with Performance
Friction capabilities.
The
brake pads are lined
with a
friction compound to grip both sides of the
brake disc firmly, producing the
friction necessary to bring the motion of the wheels to a stop.
When the traction control computer (often incorporated into another control unit, such as the ABS module) detects one or more driven wheels spinning significantly faster than another, it invokes the ABS electronic control unit to apply
brake friction to wheels spinning
with lessened traction.
This most elaborate of BMW
brake concepts shares 2 - piece rotors
with the 550i and 6 Series: an aluminum «hat» inner portion to reduce unsprung weight, and a cast - iron outer portion as the actual
friction surface.
To make sure its up for the task, the F - 150 Police Responder includes an upgraded
brake system
with upgraded calipers and pad
friction material, upgraded front - stabilizer bar for improved
braking and handling and 18 - inch alloy wheels
with all - terrain tires.
Also see Steel Braided Hoses
Brake Lining Material: A composite of matrix binder, metallic or ceramic particles and
friction material that also coats the disc surface
Brake Pads: The pad consists of a steel backing that fits into the locking mechanism of the calipers and a layer of about 10 mm of
friction brake lining
Brake pistons: Is a hydraulic actuated piston that transfers the hydraulic pressure from the master
brake pump to cause the
brake pad to bind
with the disc.
All IS sedans can also be given the F Sport treatment, which improves handling
with unique 18 - inch wheels, high -
friction brakes and aggressive suspension tuning.
The steel
friction rings
with their wave - like outer contour are perforated and connected to the aluminium
brake caps via pins.
On standard version, highly rigid Tokico four - piston opposed radial - mounted front -
brake calipers
with high -
friction brake pads provide strong stopping power.
Regenerative
braking begins as soon as the driver releases the throttle pedal,
with a strong regenerative
braking effect beginning when the
brake pedal is depressed and continuing until the point that the vehicle speed drops below 1 mph, when the
friction brakes fully engage.
The Vue Green Line 2 Mode is equipped
with a «fully blended» electro - hydraulic
brake system that enables 100 - percent regenerative
braking (batteries are charged during
braking), 100 - percent
friction braking (traditional four - wheel disc
braking) or a combination of the two.
This adds 19 - inch wheels, larger
brakes with high -
friction pads, an adaptive suspension system, variable ratio steering, and a body kit that closely resembles the GS F's.
The CLA - Class has an advanced electromechanical power steering system which uses ESP control unit data to facilitate various steering assistance functions such as counter-steering in the event of oversteer, corrective steering when
braking on road surfaces
with differing levels of grip (split -
friction braking), minimization of torque steer and compensation for crosswinds and road gradients.
Low
friction engine technology has the same aim, as does an alternator that is charged
with brake energy recuperation where possible.
Continental GTC • Power output of the standard W12 engine remains at 552bhp (560PS) • Top speed is unchanged at 195mph (312km / h)
with a 0 — 60mph time of 4.8 secs (0 — 100 km / h in 5.1 secs) • Improved ride comfort
with new low -
friction dampers • Bentley «B»
brake pedal
The
brake pads are coated
with a
friction compound, designed to give the pads a tight grip on the
brake disc surface, producing the
friction necessary to stop the motion of the wheels.
Exhibitor: Works Engineering Phone: 306-880-5507 Email:
[email protected] Website: www.works-engineering.com Booth Number: 34238 Customizer / Builder: Rob Parsons Powertrain / Drivetrain: 5.7 L V8; Comp Cams valvetrain; Wiseco pistons; Callies Compstar rods; Canton Racing oil pan; Accusump accumulator; Vortech supercharger
with A&A Corvette bracket; 60 - pound injectors; FAST fuel rails; Aeromotive fuel pump and FPR; Carter lift pump; Works Engineering surge tank and power steering reservoir; BBK throttle body; Mishimoto radiator, oil cooler and intercooler; Tremec Magnum six - speed transmission; Science
Friction twin disc; Hooker headers; custom exhaust; Turnkey Innovations engine harness; custom electrohydraulic clutch system Chassis: KW Suspension coil - overs; Ma Motorsports modified knuckles and control arms; Tein tie - rods; Sikky motor mounts; Kaaz LSD; Works Engineering big
brakes; custom removable front and rear half tube frame; Painless chassis harness; Varsttoen 18x9.5 front and 18x10.5 rear wheels Exterior: Imvee Aero body kit; origin front and rear over fenders; Lexan rear windows; D - Max hood Interior: Driven steering wheel; Bride seats; Takata harnesses; ASD hand
brake; Sparco weld - on quick release; custom hand controls; custom adapted Mastershift electronic shifting system; custom rollcage
They consist of an aluminium
brake - disc chamber and a cast
friction ring, both connected
with each other in a floating arrangement via metal pins.
Brake pads are designed for high
friction with brake pad material embedded in the disc in the process of bedding while wearing evenly.
In general, we save fuel in three separate ways: first is
with a grid charge; second is regenerative
braking — we run very high power regen, much, much higher than anyone and we pretty much avoid the use of
friction brakes; and third is running the engine at the sweet spot.
With the conventional systems, the interventions are based on the reduction of the engine torque and the generation of
friction braking torques on specific wheels.
The car is also equipped
with a high performance Brembo
brake package developed specifically for the Civic Type R,
with four - piston calipers and 350 - mm drilled discs at the front axle to stabilize
braking friction between the disc and pad at high temperatures.
This technology improves the
friction of the
braking surface of the discs and improves consistency and fade resistance
with the result that longitudinal deceleration is improved by 15 per cent,
with a 30 m reduction in stopping distances from 200 to 0 km / h.
Testing showed that this can occur if the mats are moved forward from the clipped position approximately two inches into a position in which the rear edge of the mats will abut the retention clip (s) when installed singly and align
with the clip (s) when stacked on another floor mat.The pedal interference incidents reviewed by the Office of Defects Investigation (ODI) include 1 crash and 9 incidents
with allegations of
brake friction materials smoking and / or requiring repair for heat related damage.The crash incident occurred after the parking
brake was applied at speed, resulting in loss - of - control vehicle yaw event caused by lock - up of the rear tires.The spin - out resulted in a side impact collision
with an oncoming vehicle in an opposing lane of traffic.
This allows for the application of regenerative
braking by the front and rear electric motors to slow the vehicle, rather than the hydraulic
friction brakes, under most circumstances,
with the additional of mechanical (
friction)
braking in hard stops.
The front discs measure 375 millimeters (14.8 in) in diameter on the 3.0 TFSI (rear: 350 millimeters / 13.8 in) and combine cast
friction rings
with aluminum
brake pots.
Reduced
friction - achieved by the upgraded 6 - speed automatic transmission and key
brake enhancements - combines
with streamlined aerodynamics to deliver a smoother, more efficient ride.