And they also mess
with your gut microbes.
Your mouth is actually a fine balance of microbes working together
with your gut microbes and immune system to keep you healthy.
In fact, studies have shown that when fed the exact same diet, mice injected
with gut microbes from malnourished children exhibited reduced growth when compared to mice that were given microbes from healthy children.
To see what role the body's own immune system played in fighting infection, compared
with gut microbes, the team also studied two strains of mice that have impaired immune systems.
«We identified a list of compounds of interest, and many of these are associated with specific dietary components and
with gut microbes.»
The scientists transferred the twins» gut bacteria to mice predisposed to develop a disease that mimics MS. Twelve weeks after the transplant, about 40 percent more mice
with gut microbes from a twin with MS developed brain inflammation compared with mice that got gut microbes from a twin without disease.
However, when the researchers inoculated these germ - free hybrid wasps
with the gut microbes from any of the parent species, they died.
The blame for some of chemotherapy's awful side effects may lie
with our gut microbes, early evidence suggests.
Not exact matches
That goes beyond conditions traditionally associated
with the
microbes in our
gut, such as stomach and intestinal disorders.
How do the
microbes within cheese interact
with the natural microbiota of the human
gut and can cheese be used to assist in maintaining a healthy
gut microbiota?
Since this isn't made
with yogurt, where are the healthy
gut microbes?
A high - fiber count calories is related
with a lower danger of coronary illness, sort 2 diabetes and larger amounts of
gut - accommodating
microbes.
Beginning
with the trip through the birth canal, every minute counts in the early effort to launch the healthiest - possible balance of
gut microbes.
I have been distraught for days, but I am looking up other labs where I might be able to do work in line
with my obsession
with beneficial
microbes in soil and in the
gut.
With the
gut microbiota now being linked to so many different health conditions, there is a growing interest in microbial therapies that look to alter the balance of
microbes to improve health.
To achieve a friendly relationship
with these
microbes, our
gut is lined
with mucus.
It didn't take her long to decide that she missed lab work; in 1985 she joined IFR
with an in - house fellowship, investigating how
gut epithelial cells interact
with microbes.
There are also plenty of
gut microbes in both places (which means that the pillows were seeded
with what scientists delicately refer to as «fecal contamination»).
Adding another reason for doctors to avoid the overuse of antibiotics, new research shows that a reduction in the variety of
microbes in the
gut interferes
with the immune system's ability to fight off disease.
«Microbial dispersal impacts animal
guts: Study
with zebrafish finds that transmitted
microbes will lead to similar microbiomes and a selection process for some
microbes.»
In this latest advance reported in PNAS, the Wyss team showed that the human
gut - on - a-chip's unique ability to co-culture intestinal cells
with living
microbes from the normal
gut microbiome for an extended period of time, up to two weeks, could allow breakthrough insights into how the microbial communities that flourish inside our GI tracts contribute to human health and disease.
Clarke and colleagues compared normal mice, whose gastrointestinal tracts were teeming
with bacteria,
with mice bred in sterile environments, whose
guts didn't contain any
microbes.
In the new study, they treated the mice
with antibiotics to disrupt the populations of
microbes living in their
gut.
Together, the two studies advance the idea that
gut microbes play a role in turning the immune system against nerve cells, causing MS.. It will take a lot more work to develop cures or preventive strategies based on that, but the research raises the intriguing possibility of treating an often - devastating disease
with something as low - tech as fecal transplants or probiotics.
It is important to note that, in this study,
gut microbes cooperate
with a specific genetic factor to influence the risk for developing Parkinson's disease.
«Like zebrafish, we have this rich source of
gut microbes that have figured out how to coexist
with us and soothe the immune system,» she says, adding that «there is enormous potential to harness those mechanisms» to address ailments such as inflammatory bowel disease and other chronic inflammation.
By contrast, mice raised in the germ - free cages showed worse motor symptoms when they either were treated
with microbial metabolites called short - chain fatty acids or received fecal transplants of
gut microbes from patients
with Parkinson's disease.
Along
with a postdoc in Kaplan's lab, Alice Liou, they decided to test whether the surgery itself caused the changes in the population of
gut microbes — known as the microbiota.
«Because we observed microbial effects mainly in the
gut, we believe that a
microbe - based therapy would avoid the collateral damage seen
with drugs that wipe out classes of immune cells across the body,» said Benoist, a professor of microbiology and immunobiology at HMS.
Two weeks later, the scientists performed immune and genomic analyses, comparing the results
with those of mice whose
guts were completely
microbe - free.
By chemically removing the
gut microbiome in zebrafish in the lab and then repopulating the
gut with two to three bacterial species, University of Oregon biologist Karen Guillemin has shown that certain
microbes are especially skilled at suppressing the host immune system and preventing inflammation — a discovery she thinks may have implications for human health.
Antibiotic treatment reduced motor deficits and molecular hallmarks of Parkinson's disease in a mouse model, whereas transplantation of
gut microbes from patients
with Parkinson's disease exacerbated symptoms in these mice.
While scientists have made great progress in identifying the individual members of the
gut microbiome, it's much harder to determine exactly what they do — both individually and in concert
with other
microbes.
The finding provides the first direct proof that
microbes that leave the
gut and travel to the rest of the body — a process called microbial translocation — is the mechanism that triggers these health complication in people
with HIV.
Early results show that the capsules have cured 32 people infected
with drug - resistant Clostridium difficile, a dangerous
microbe that installs itself in the
gut and causes inflammation marked by diarrhea, cramping and pain.Thomas Louie, an infectious disease physician at the University of Calgary in Alberta, presented the data on October 3 at ID Week, a meeting of infectious disease specialists.
But it wasn't just any
gut microbe — this early farmer was infected
with a particular ancient strain of Helicobacter pylori bacteria that is most similar to modern Asian strains.
The team also discovered that Ötzi, who was in his 40s, had harbored the H. pylori long enough to have a
gut reaction to the
microbe — his tissue showed the expression of 22 proteins that are associated
with inflammation.
But in those
with immune systems weakened by age, chemotherapy or antibiotics that wipe out their «lawn» of beneficial intestinal
microbes, C. difficile can get a foothold and cause changes that damage the
gut.
By not aiming to kill the pathogen
with antibiotics, scientists were able to avoid wiping out sizeable numbers of beneficial
gut microbes.
A common ingredient in red meat and energy drinks, L - carnitine, appears to interact
with microbes in our
gut to negatively affect heart health.
Introducing healthy poo into an infected patient's
gut to help recolonize the body
with good,
microbe - fighting bugs.
«We noticed that oral
microbes are relatively enriched in
gut microbiomes of patients
with several diseases such as inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), HIV infection, and colon cancer compared
with healthy individuals.»
Our
guts and airways are awash in bacteria — but people
with asthma have a different balance of
microbes.
Much like humans, whose
guts and skin are teeming
with microbes, the soil below plants and trees contains a unique cornucopia of microscopic creatures that help the tree take in nutrients and water.
But developing therapeutics will be harder than just mixing the
microbes together into pill form, Wills - Karp says, because babies already have
guts that are teeming
with other bacteria.
Working
with mice bred to have no
gut microbes of their own, Gordon's graduate student Laura Blanton fed them a mash of the same food typically eaten by Malawian children.
The researchers modified an ordinary laboratory strain of the ubiquitous human
gut microbe Escherichia coli, enabling the bacteria to not only record their interactions
with the environment but also time - stamp the events.
To determine whether
gut microbes could affect an organism's longevity and its ability to reproduce, Vanderbilt University geneticist Seth Bordenstein and his colleagues dosed the termites Zootermopsis angusticollis and Reticulitermes flavipes
with the antibiotic rifampicin.
The study points to interesting possibilities of harnessing synergistic host -
microbe interactions to intervene early viral spread and
gut inflammation and to mitigate intestinal complications associated
with HIV infection.
«We hope that in the future we will be able use drugs or pre - or probiotics to increase the barrier function of the
gut to keep the
microbes in their place and reduce age - associated inflammation and all the bad things that come
with it.»