Earth and Mercury are both rocky planets
with iron cores, but Mercury's interior differs from Earth's in a way that explains why the planet has such a bizarre magnetic field, UCLA planetary physicists and colleagues report.
«We had figured out how the Earth works, and Mercury is another terrestrial, rocky planet
with an iron core, so we thought it would work the same way.
Kepler - 78b is most similar to Earth in mass, diameter and composition; it could be made of rock
with an iron core.
Earth's density of 5.515 grams per cubic centimeter falls between these two figures, suggesting Kepler - 78b is, like Earth, made of rock
with an iron core.
The interior of Venus is probably very similar to that of Earth,
with an iron core about 6,000 km (3,700 miles) in diameter radius and a molten rocky mantle comprising most of the planet.
A world
with an iron core, rocky mantle and enough water on the surface to create liquid water oceans that could support life.
This means the planet is far denser, indicating it is a rocky planet
with an iron core.
Not exact matches
While Marvel has already established a
core group of very successful superheroes in
Iron Man, Thor, and Captain America, it now must do that all over again
with «Guardians of the Galaxy» in August and then Ant - Man and Daredevil.
The planetary architecture that provides Earth's sheltering field has been broadly understood for several decades now: a solid -
iron inner
core roughly the size of the moon, surrounded by a 1,400 - mile - thick outer
core of liquid
iron and nickel,
with 1,800 miles of solid mantle above, topped by a crust of slowly drifting tectonic plates.
Physicists have simulated the
cores of some large rocky exoplanets by pummeling
iron with lasers.
The researchers also loaded the phages
with nanoparticles
with a magnetic
iron and cobalt
core.
According to his calculations, gravity should pull the heavy
iron, and the probes
with it, down to the
core in about one week.
The Outer
Core Made of molten iron, nickel, and other ingredients yet to be determined, the churning liquid outer core may have the viscosity of water, streaming at possibly one to several miles per week with the turbulence of a gargantuan, slow - moving washing mach
Core Made of molten
iron, nickel, and other ingredients yet to be determined, the churning liquid outer
core may have the viscosity of water, streaming at possibly one to several miles per week with the turbulence of a gargantuan, slow - moving washing mach
core may have the viscosity of water, streaming at possibly one to several miles per week
with the turbulence of a gargantuan, slow - moving washing machine.
The gold -
iron oxide
core - shell nanorods may be useful in cancer therapy,
with MRI imaging enabled by the
iron oxide shell, and local heating created by the photothermal effect on the gold nanorod
core killing cancer cells.
One problem
with this theory is that before the shock wave even leaves the
core it loses so much energy by blasting apart
iron nuclei that it should come to a halt.
Mercury,
with a substantial
iron - rich
core, has a magnetic field that is only about 1 percent as strong as Earth's.
Vesta, they concluded, must have a layered internal structure like Earth does,
with a crust and probably even an
iron core.
Vesta, like Earth, has a complex internal structure,
with a massive
iron core and a mantle.
For instance, a catastrophic impact could have stripped away most of Mercury's rocky mantle, leaving the planet
with its relatively huge
iron core.
Earth's solid inner
core is surrounded by a fluid outer
core,
with the boundary between the two expected to be the temperature of the melting point of highly pressurized
iron — the primary ingredient of both layers.
When the
core ignites, carbon and oxygen fuse to form lots of radioactive cobalt - 56, whose radioactive decay into
iron - 56
with a half - life of 77 days powers the peak brightness of a supernova.
That rules out some previously proposed ways of forming Mercury
with its relatively huge molten
iron core, such as having the nascent sun blasting away the outer rind of an Earthlike planet.
Or it might be associated
with chemical reactions between the outer
core's
iron - rich fluid and the crystalline silicate mantle.»
Tromp's analysis fits in neatly
with suggestions that the inner
core is made of a high - pressure phase of
iron in which the atoms are close packed in hexagons, because such a «sigma» phase is anisotropic.
So far, Monson and his colleagues have demonstrated the fabrication of
iron nitride transformer
cores with good physical and magnetic characteristics and now are refining their process and preparing to test the transformers in power - conversion test beds.
It turns out that water contained in some minerals that get pulled down into Earth due to plate tectonic activity could, under extreme pressures and temperatures, split up — liberating hydrogen and enabling the residual oxygen to combine
with iron metal from the
core to create a novel high - pressure mineral,
iron peroxide.
It turns out that water contained in some minerals that get pulled down into the Earth due to plate tectonic activity could, under extreme pressures and temperatures, split up — liberating hydrogen and enabling the residual oxygen to combine
with iron metal from the
core to create a novel high - pressure mineral,
iron peroxide.
The
core of the Earth contains an inner layer, an
iron - rich solid ball, and an outer layer, of liquid
iron and nickel,
with a mantle of silicate.
Our Earth consists of silicate rocks and an
iron core with a thin veneer of water and life, but the first potentially habitable worlds to form might have been very different.
The planet's mass and diameter are consistent
with the hypothesis that it has a low average density due to an inferred composition of three - fourths water (possibly 47 percent) and other ices (that have subliminated into a «supercritical fluid» above an «electronically conductive,» dense fluid plasma below a steamy atmosphere) and one - fourth rock and
iron in the
core.
To investigate the unaccounted - for five percent of the
core, lead researcher Eiji Ohtani and his team created alloys of
iron and nickel and mixed them
with silicon.
At the end of its life, having exhausted its fuel and left
with a dense
iron core, the star collapses and sheds its outer layers, leaving behind a dense neutron star in its wake.
It's not possible to study the interior of the planet directly, so scientists create experiments where they can compare known seismic properties of the Earth's
core with the seismic signature of
iron - rich light element alloys.
Assuming an
iron - rich planet
with an internal structure like Earth, modelling results for the first discovered super-Earth (GJ 876 d) indicate the existence of a threshold in planetary diameter above which a super-Earth «most certainly» has a high water content (an «ocean planet» or «water world,» where thick layers of water and pressurized ice surround a rocky mantle and
core); this threshold was found to be around 24,000 kilometers (or nearly 15,000 miles) in the particular case of GJ 876 d (Valencia et al, 2007).
Scientists have long believed — and largely agreed — that the Earth's
core is made up primarily of
iron (85 percent),
with 10 percent nickel and some lighter elements, such as carbon, oxygen, silicon, or sulfur mixed in.
Colliding at speeds up to 22,000 miles per hour (36,000 kilometers per hour), such a collision may have stripped most of the rocky mantle from the protoplanet that became Mercury
with its
iron - rich
core, while a Mars - size protoplanet struck the early Earth off - center and created a spray of mostly mantle material that later accreted to form the Moon.
Scarlett Johansson worked
with trainer Bobby Strom on balance, coordination and
core work for her role as Black Widow in
Iron Man 2.
In a year filled
with stellar XBLA games
Iron Brigade stood above the crowd
with it's high production values, charm, incredibly fun
core gameplay and the all important pull of getting more awesome loot.
Indeed, the third and fourth «Avengers» films are currently shooting back - to - back in Atlanta — where Evans is reunited
with his
core team of Robert Downey Jr.'s
Iron Man, Chris Hemsworth's Thor, Scarlett Johansson's Black Widow, Jeremy Renner's Hawkeye and Mark Ruffalo's Incredible Hulk.
The Federation controls society
with an
iron fist of oppression by the government
with «The Fall» connecting them; a giant elevator travels through the earth's
core, which transports cheap labor from the colony to Britain.
The compacted graphite
iron core is mated
with a die - cast aluminum engine - block ladder frame and composite oil pan, saving weight by applying advanced materials where they are needed most.
Elive IFALOS Aquariums IFALOS aquariums are made
with extra-clear, low -
iron glass,
with furniture that has a marine - grade plywood
core finished
with Italian and Austrian laminates.
At its
core Iron Fish is an exploration game sprinkled
with horror.
With any luck the developers will
iron out a lot of its problems in the coming weeks and months, but even then the
core of the game just isn't very exciting or well - executed.
But if you want to watch a really bad movie that is completely without any scientific merit, watch, «The
Core» and become very worried that mankind will cause its own destruction by messing
with the molten ball of
iron at the center.
When a CME hits the Earth it interacts
with the magnetic field (magnetosphere) generated by the planet's spinning molten
iron core.
As you might have learned if you went to an evil public school (as opposed to enlightened home schooling), so - called scientists have long claimed that the earth is composed of a relatively thin crust floating on what is more - or-less bubbling hot lava
with a molten
iron core at its center.
The experiment involved «fertilising» a 300 - square - kilometre (115 - sqare - mile) area of ocean inside the
core of an eddy — an immense rotating column of water —
with six tonnes of dissolved
iron.
tallbloke (17:14:30): You'd think the earth might generate quite a lot of it's own juice though,
with it having a spinning
iron core and all that electrolyte in the oceans.
Here, high pressure studies show that force constants of
iron bonds increase
with pressure similarly for silicate and metals suggesting interplanetary isotopic variability is not due to
core formation.