Now, researchers at the University Department of Internal Medicine II at the MedUni Vienna (Clinical Department of Cardiology), as part of an international cooperation, have successfully demonstrated the advantages of an implanted defibrillator (ICD) as a means of prevention in patients with moderately restricted cardiac function, and that patients with the condition must be treated as carefully as patients
with ischaemic heart failure which has developed following a heart attack, for example.
An irregular
heart rhythm, or atrial fibrillation, was significantly associated
with ischaemic stroke in all regions, but was of greater importance in Western Europe, North America and Australia, than in China or South Asia.
Among the 50 trials, 30 were primary prevention trials (general populations, smokers and workers exposed to asbestos, patients
with oesophageal dysplasia, male physicians, patients
with non-melanoma skin cancer, postmenopausal women, patients undergoing chronic haemodialysis, patients
with end stage renal disease, ambulatory elderly women
with vitamin D insufficiency, patients
with chronic renal failure, older people
with femoral neck fractures, patients
with diabetes mellitus, elderly women
with a low serum 25 - hydroxyvitamin D concentration, health professionals, people
with a high fasting plasma total homocysteine concentration, or kidney transplant recipients), and 20 were secondary prevention trials (patients
with cardiovascular disease, coronary
heart disease, acute myocardial infarction, unstable angina, transient
ischaemic attack, stroke, angiographically proved coronary atherosclerosis, vascular disease, or aortic valve stenosis).
Risks for future ill - health were common,
with high rates of smoking, and emerging type 2 diabetes and
ischaemic heart disease (conditions more typical of adulthood).