Jaffee SR, Moffitt TE, Caspi A, et al.Differences in early childhood risk factors for juvenile - onset and adult - onset depression.Arch Gen Psychiatry2002 Mar; 59:215 — 22OpenUrlCrossRefPubMedWeb of Science QUESTION: Are childhood biopsychosocial risk factors associated
with juvenile onset different from those associated with adult onset major depressive disorder (MDD)?
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Not exact matches
Nursing, combined
with delaying the introduction of cow's milk reduces the risk of
juvenile onset diabetes and lowers the amount of insulin release in infants.
Juvenile -
onset demodicosis is associated
with genetics, poor nutrition, stress, and various breeds.
In puppies
with hyperglycemia and
juvenile onset diabetes, you may notice a loss of weight despite your puppy eating just about everything you feed her.
Differential diagnoses for this presentation include
juvenile onset demodicosis
with a secondary bacterial infection, dermatophytosis, contact dermatitis, and early stages of mild
juvenile sterile granulomatous dermatitis and lymphadenitis (puppy strangles).
The term, «canine familial dermatomyositis» currently should be reserved for dogs
with clinical and histopathologic evidence of a
juvenile onset heritable inflammatory disease affecting skin and muscle in a breed known to be at increased risk.
Juvenile onset carries a fair to good prognosis, since the flawed immune system is usually age related, and clinical disease will often abate
with age.
In dogs
with congenital hypopituitarism (pituitary dwarfism, see
Juvenile -
onset Panhypopituitarism), there may be variable degrees of thyroidal, adrenocortical, and gonadal deficiency, but clinical signs are primarily related to growth hormone deficiency.
The age at the
onset of symptoms determines the diagnosis,
with mange beginning before about 15 months of age considered
juvenile.
For about three years now we have seen significant strides in a lot of areas and one of the most progressive has been in the area of adults,
with both adult and
juvenile onset type -LSB-...]
Soluble MICB in Plasma and Urine Explains Population Expansions of NKG2D + CD4 T Cells Inpatients
with Juvenile -
Onset Systemic Lupus Erythematosus
The second contrast tested the prediction that the adult - depressed and never - depressed groups would not differ significantly on the early childhood risk factors because the effects of childhood adversity on depression
onset decline
with age.14 The third contrast compared the
juvenile - depressed and
juvenile / adult — depressed groups on the early childhood risk factors.
SEVERAL FINDINGS suggest that
juvenile - and adult -
onset major depressive disorder (MDD) have distinct origins.1 First, although a significant proportion of depressed children become depressed adults, 2,3 most individuals who experience depression in adulthood were not depressed as children.4 Second,
juvenile -
onset MDD is associated
with increased risk for MDD among the first - degree relatives of depressed probands in clinical and community samples.4 - 8 Third, the children of depressed parents are at high risk for
juvenile -
onset MDD compared
with the children of nondepressed parents, and this association is explained by early parental age at
onset of MDD.9
Moreover, studies
with larger samples of
juvenile -
onset cases are needed.
The
juvenile - depressed group had a significantly earlier age of MDD
onset (mean [SD], 12 [1.84] years) compared
with the
juvenile / adult — depressed group (13 [1.47] years; t366 = 2.93; P ≤.01).
A range of childhood psychosocial risk factors have been associated
with depression, including characteristics of the child (eg, behavioral and socioemotional problems, poor school performance), characteristics of the parents (eg, parent psychopathology, rejecting or intrusive behavior), and family circumstances (eg, the loss of a parent, physical or sexual violence, family discord).12 - 15 However, it has not been shown decisively whether these risks distinguish
juvenile from adult -
onset MDD.
The findings differentiating
juvenile - and adult -
onset MDD are consistent
with results from family studies, suggesting that
juvenile -
onset MDD may be a distinct subtype associated
with both genetic and early childhood psychosocial risk factors.
Comparison of the combined
juvenile - depressed and
juvenile / adult — depressed vs the adult - depressed groups shows that
juvenile -
onset MDD is associated
with worse risk across a range of variables (Table 2).
However, depressed children and adolescents may also experience unique psychosocial risks, such as poor parenting or family discord, especially if these risks are genetically mediated.10, 11 Additional support for the hypothesis that
juvenile - and adult -
onset MDD are distinct subtypes would be demonstrated if early childhood psychosocial risks were differentially associated
with juvenile vs adult -
onset MDD.
Juvenile onset with or without recurrence of MDD in adulthood was associated
with more childhood risk factors than purely adult
onset MDD (table ⇓).
Lastly, the predicted group differences were observed and were consistent
with the extant literature on the distinction between
juvenile vs adult -
onset MDD.