Nothing to do
with land and oceans at all — raising the flag to see if anyone salutes — and certainly nothing like your simplistic and misguided algebra.
The radiocarbon measurements can provide complementary information on carbon exchange rates
with the land and oceans and emissions from fossil - fuel burning.
Atmospheric thermal radiations are trivial compared
with lands and oceans thermal radiations.
Understanding the interactions of the atmosphere
with the land and ocean is key to understanding the natural cycles of atmospheric gases and requires going beyond the earth's surface.
It is also influenced by natural exchange
with the land and ocean.
The oceans and land temperatures have tracked quite closely until recently where the differences between ocean and land have become very pronounced with increasing divergence as is easily seen by comparing land data
with land and ocean data.
Modes or patterns of climate variability - Natural variability of the climate system, in particular on seasonal and longer time scales, predominantly occurs with preferred spatial patterns and time scales, through the dynamical characteristics of the atmospheric circulation and through interactions
with the land and ocean surfaces.
When coupled
with land and ocean surface insolation quanta, the CC relationship may also predict the phase changes between «La Niña» and «El Niño.
Not exact matches
Infrastructure was another key factor: The site was perfect,
with an airport
and ocean port,
and adequate
land at Brookley Aeroplex.
Strobel is in talks
with the federal government to open a processing plant on Department of Fisheries
and Oceans land,
and has already tapped back into the SheEO network for more investments.
If the U.S. had China on the 49th Parallel
and Germany on the Rio Grande,
and a long
land border
with the Islamic world where the Pacific
Ocean now is, it might be a very different place.
Founded on the philosophy of sourcing
and serving naturally grown
and ethically raised food products, this cuisine seeks to be true to the ingredients
with respect for the
oceans and land from which they came.
Since The Bahamas is comprised of 700 individual islands
and cays
with a total
land area of about 5,400 square miles scattered across 100,000 square miles of
ocean, it is natural that fish
and seafood are very important in the cuisine.
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Maybe because Hingis, who has won four Grand Slam titles
and is an IMG client, recently
landed endorsement contracts
with Clairol
and Ocean Spray.
It was one of the first births I've cried at because it just pulls so much on your heart, how mom
and dad serve this country
with all their heart,
and now birth their first child while separated by thousands of miles of
ocean and foreign
lands.
Set between the province of Alberta
and the Pacific
Ocean, British Columbia is a
land blessed
with amazing diversity
and a temperate climate.
Besides at its height, the dangerous region was very large as the speed boats usually docked
with ocean - going support ships instead of the
land ports; extending the effective range (
and requiring a greater capital investment by the pirates to pay off).
And the problem is not confined to
land but echoes across the seas as well, where human - produced noise interferes
with the lives of various
ocean dwellers, including whales.
... Most job losses will hit research areas dealing
with oceans and atmosphere,
land and water, manufacturing,
and a digital technology group called Data61.»
Co-author Hayley Hung, a scientist
with Environment Canada's Air Quality Division who studies toxic organic pollutants in the Arctic, said that in recent years, researchers had posited that warmer conditions would liberate POPs stored in
land, ice
and ocean reservoirs back into the atmosphere.
The Tibetan Plateau in China experiences the strongest monsoon system on Earth,
with powerful winds —
and accompanying intense rains in the summer months — caused by a complex system of global air circulation patterns
and differences in surface temperatures between
land and oceans.
Sea - surface temperature is an important driver of the weather,
and because the
oceans change temperature very slowly compared
with the air
and land, they form a key, predictable component of seasonal forecasts.
The work of Krech, Gerlache, Borchgravink,
and Bruce had not yet been done; the examinations of the «Belgica,» the «Francais,»
and the «Pourquoi Pas» had not yet made known the extension of Palmer
Land to the southwestward along the southern confines of the Pacific
Ocean; the explorations of the German Antarctic Expedition in the «Gauss» had not yet confirmed the conclusion of Wilkes that the long coast which he had discovered in 1840 extended still farther to the westward; the Antarctic Continent had not yet been entered at any point
and consequently that acquaintance
with the general topography which constitutes the first essential to the scientific investigation of a country was wholly wanting,
(In Antarctica, the ice actually extends beyond the
land and over part of the
ocean so some of it is in contact
with water.)
The coastline was barely recognizable; what had been one of the most beautiful
and regular harbors in Asia now was an obstacle course, littered
with masses of black pumice stone, tree trunks burnt
and splintered as if by lightning,
and the prows of previously sunken ships which the
ocean had thrown onto
land.
This capability along
with the satellite's
Ocean and Land Colour Instrument will help to map carbon emissions from burnt biomass
and to assess damage
and estimate recovery of burned areas.
This paper outlines a new framework for assessing errors
and their impact on the uncertainties associated
with calculating carbon sinks on
land and in
oceans.
Accurate tracking of lightning
and thunderstorms over the
oceans, too distant for
land - based radar
and sometimes difficult to see
with satellites, will support safe navigation for aviators
and mariners.
And while carbon dioxide is crucial for plant life, the carbon balance on Earth is a delicate cycle, with oceans and land able to absorb only so much C
And while carbon dioxide is crucial for plant life, the carbon balance on Earth is a delicate cycle,
with oceans and land able to absorb only so much C
and land able to absorb only so much CO2.
Scientists at the University of Aberdeen in Scotland are running experiments
with an automated submersible that has a camera designed to record bioluminescent signals as it descends through the
ocean and lands on the seafloor.
Pollution of the
ocean by runoff from the
land and the fouling of the air
with carbon dioxide (which is warming the
ocean and acidifying it) are accelerating
and expanding the threats to the world's coastal waters.
Then they applied a set of mathematical models to estimate the movement of nutrients vertically in the
oceans and across the
land —
and how this movement changed
with extinctions
and declining animal populations.
Whales fertilize
ocean surface waters
with key nutrients like phosphorus, which move through the food chain,
and eventually, onto
land.
Watersheds are areas of
land with streams
and rivers that all drain into a larger body of water, such as a bigger river, a lake or an
ocean.
The evolution of the amniotic egg — complete
with membrane
and shell — was key to vertebrates leaving the
oceans and colonizing the
land and air.
«The model we developed
and applied couples biospheric feedbacks from
oceans, atmosphere,
and land with human activities, such as fossil fuel emissions, agriculture,
and land use, which eliminates important sources of uncertainty from projected climate outcomes,» said Thornton, leader of the Terrestrial Systems Modeling group in ORNL's Environmental Sciences Division
and deputy director of ORNL's Climate Change Science Institute.
A preliminary study published this month in the International Journal of Remote Sensing, identified 54 satellites
with 85 sensors, currently only taking images of
land, which could be used to take images of Earth's
oceans and inland waters.
With this update to GHCN - M, the Merged
Land and Ocean Surface Temperature dataset also is subsequently revised as MLOST version 3.5.3.
June 2013 tied
with 2006 as the fifth warmest June across global
land and ocean surfaces, at 0.64 °C (1.15 °F) above the 20th century average of 15.5 °C (59.9 °F).
«Rivers carry trash over long distances
and connect nearly all
land surfaces
with the
oceans,» making them a major battleground in the fight against sea pollution, explains Christian Schmidt, a hydrogeologist at the Helmholtz Center for Environmental Research in Leipzig, Germany.
Current projections of global sea level rise do not account for the complicated behavior of these giant ice slabs as they interact
with the atmosphere, the
ocean and the
land.
With records dating back to 1880, the global temperature across the world's
land and ocean surfaces for August 2014 was 0.75 °C (1.35 °F) higher than the 20th century average of 15.6 °C (60.1 °F).
With ENSO - neutral conditions present during the first half of 2013, the January — June global temperature across land and ocean surfaces tied with 2003 as the seventh warmest such period, at 0.59 °C (1.06 °F) above the 20th century aver
With ENSO - neutral conditions present during the first half of 2013, the January — June global temperature across
land and ocean surfaces tied
with 2003 as the seventh warmest such period, at 0.59 °C (1.06 °F) above the 20th century aver
with 2003 as the seventh warmest such period, at 0.59 °C (1.06 °F) above the 20th century average.
This is the seventh consecutive season in which the globe (
land and ocean) was record warm, starting
with summer (Jun - Aug) 2014.
Based on a summer monsoon index derived from MSLP gradients between
land and ocean in the East Asian region, Guo et al. (2003) found a systematic reduction in the East Asian summer monsoon during 1951 to 2000,
with a stronger monsoon dominant in the first half of the period
and a weaker monsoon prevailing in the second half (Figure 3.35).
However, for the globe as a whole, surface air temperatures over
land have risen at about double the
ocean rate after 1979 (more than 0.27 °C per decade vs. 0.13 °C per decade),
with the greatest warming during winter (December to February)
and spring (March to May) in the Northern Hemisphere.
Surface specific humidity has generally increased after 1976 in close association
with higher temperatures over both
land and ocean.
After over three billion years of evolution in the
oceans, multi-cellular life — beginning
with green algae, fungi,
and plants (liverworts, mosses, ferns, then vascular
and flowering plants)-- began adapting to
land habitats by creating a new «hypersea,»
and adding anomalous shades of green to Earth's coloration more than 472 million years ago (Matt Walker, BBC News, October 12, 2010;
and Qiu et al, 1998 — more on the evolution of photosynthetic life
and plants on Earth).
Although atmospheric oxygen soon recovered again as photosynthesis
and weathering reached a new balance, at about 10 per cent of present - day levels, the oxidative weathering of sulphides on
land filled the
oceans with sulphate which created abundant food for a group of bacteria that filled the
oceans with sewer gas (hydrogen sulphide) toxic to oxygen - loving lifeforms (delaying the development of eukaryotic plants
and animals)
and turned them «into stinking, stagnant waters almost entirely devoid of oxygen.»