Linsenmeier et al. [1] measured intraretinal PO2
with microelectrodes in cats with long - standing diabetes and concluded that the retina was hypoxic in the early stages of retinopathy.
The surface of the chip is covered
with microelectrodes and the chip is connected to a power source, with the power converted to high - frequency sound waves.
Not exact matches
At the same time, the activity of hundreds of nerve cells was measured
with so - called
microelectrode arrays.
What's more is that each
microelectrode array is made up of eight «tines,» each
with eight
microelectrodes which can record from a total 64 subregions of the brain at once.
In a new study by Flesher et al.,
microelectrode arrays were implanted into the primary somatosensory cortex of a person
with spinal cord injury and, by delivering current through the electrodes, generated sensations of touch that were perceived as coming from his own paralyzed hand.
Researchers at the University of Southern California Viterbi School of Engineering have developed thin, flexible polymer - based materials for use in
microelectrode arrays that record activity more deeply in the brain and
with more specific placement than ever before.
Also, the team plans to create devices
with even higher density, including a double - sided
microelectrode array
with 64 electrodes per tine instead of eight — making for a total of around 4,000 electrodes placed in the brain at once.
Researchers are probing the brain
with increasingly powerful tools, including superfast magnetic resonance imagers and
microelectrodes that can detect the murmurs of individual brain cells.
We recorded neural population activity
with arrays of
microelectrodes implanted in the PPC of a tetraplegic subject.
For example, in nonhuman primates, stimulation using
microelectrodes improved face categorization (Afraz et al., 2006), modulated motion perception
with great specificity (Fetsch et al., 2014), and increased the learning rate during a reinforcement learning task (Williams and Eskandar, 2006).
But the number of neurons at a time
with which
microelectrode arrays can interface must be increased several-fold while making sure the scale - up does not cause damage to brain tissue.
Vahidi, N., Hirabayashi, M., Mehta, B, Khosla, A., and Kassegne, S., «Bionanoelectronics Platform
with DNA Molecular Wires Attached to High Aspect - Ratio 3D Metal
Microelectrodes», ECS Journal of Solid State Science and Technology 3 (3), Q29 - Q36 2014.
Designed and fabricated novel carbon based BioMEMS platforms to investigate fundamental processes and demonstrated on - chip enzymatic biofuel cells
with 3 - D
microelectrodes.