The co-delivery of small molecular drugs
with nucleic acids can improve gene transfection efficiency, reduce side - effects of these drugs, and achieve the synergistic effect of drug and gene therapy for the more effective treatment of cancer.
That vision tells us we can do an awful lot
with nucleic acids, be it RNA or DNA.
Mirkin is director of the research group that invented the chemistry for conjugating DNA and nanoparticles and a pioneer of the concept of programmable colloidal crystallization
with nucleic acids.
Scientists are also breaking ground
with nucleic acid platforms that have the potential to deliver cancer vaccines, for neoantigens and other targets.
Together with his principal investigator (PI), he had realized the commercial potential of modifying nanoparticles
with nucleic acids to create targeted, personalized medicines for a myriad of diseases.
The exterior of the nanoparticle is coated
with nucleic acids that act as targeting agents, drawing the delivery system to the retina and facilitating uptake by RPE cells.
The new methods allowed them to catch proteins in the act of binding to RNA, and also identify what part of the protein was in contact
with the nucleic acid.
Not exact matches
Says Roberts: «He quickly figured out that if Illumina was successful, it would need more than the world's supply of oligonucleotides» — the short snippets of
nucleic acid that are designed to pair up
with specific genetic sequences, and which are critical for DNA or RNA analysis.
What happens when we replace the four building blocks of DNA
with six — that is to say, the four
nucleic acids that have stood through billions of years of evolution plus two new versions that came out of a San Diego lab last year?
Were there not a certain invariance about the way in which carbon atoms bond
with others under identical conditions, or about the manner in which protein synthesis is charted and activated by
nucleic acids, life would be impossible altogether.
I have followed Polanyi's contention that there are organizational principles operative in the universe which formatively influence the specific sequences of
nucleic acids in DNA, and
with Sheldrake I have postulated the existence of morphogenetic fields which canalize the processes of growth and development in organisms.
The four major classifications of biological molecules are proteins, carbohydrates, lipids (fats), and
nucleic acids (but we won't be dealing
with these today).
Using
nucleic acids can mitigate or eliminate this problem, especially
with the high degrees of multiplexing seen in the platform of Olink Proteomics, headquartered in Uppsala, Sweden.
My colleagues and I first undertook to synthesize
nucleic acids outside the living cell,
with the help of cellular enzymes, in 1954.
They combined spherical
nucleic acids (SNAs, which are nanoscale globular forms of RNA)
with a common commercial moisturizer to create a way to topically knock down a gene known to interfere
with wound healing.
The CRISPR system is made up of two components: a protein called Cas9 and a guide RNA, a string of
nucleic acid molecules
with a certain genetic code.
By the time he obtained his master's degree, new research suggested «that there was a system in the plant... able to recognize foreign
nucleic acids and deal
with them... in a sequence - specific manner,» Voinnet says.
The new chimera interferes
with HER2 and HER3 signaling and ultimately leads to cancer cell death, as shown in the group's recent publication in Molecular Therapy:
Nucleic Acids.
I had decided to pursue a Ph.D. studying the physical properties of
nucleic acids and had won admission to UD,
with a teaching assistantship.
It was not until the polymerase chain reaction technique for amplifying
nucleic acids was developed in the late - 1980s that it became possible to do anything
with the tiny and fragmentary biochemical evidence from insects embedded in amber.
Cells were stained
with the actin binding molecule, phalloidin (red) and
nucleic acid stain, DAPI (blue).
To see how a size disparity would affect the crystalline order and the system's physical properties, Olvera de la Cruz and postdoctoral fellow Zhenwei Yao devised a model system of soft particles, such as functionalized nanoparticles
with grafted chains including
nucleic acids or thiols.
The purified
nucleic acids are then combined
with RPA primers and enzymes tuned to amplify the pathogen of interest, Crannell said.
Two projects will be done jointly
with the Karolinska Institute in Stockholm: Molecular biologist David Baillie of Simon Fraser University in Burnaby, British Columbia, was awarded $ 6.73 million to study protein function in the soil nematode Caenorhabditis elegans, and microbiologist Sherif Abou Elela of the University of Sherbrooke, Quebec, received $ 3.75 million to test modified
nucleic acid technologies for determining gene function.
Joint winner of the 1980 chemistry prize
with Walter Gilbert for his «contributions concerning the determination of base sequences in
nucleic acids» and winner of the 1958 chemistry prize «for his work on the structure of proteins, especially that of insulin.»
Joint winners of the 1962 physiology or medicine prize
with Maurice Wilkins «for their discoveries concerning the molecular structure of
nucleic acids and its significance for information transfer in living material.»
GNA (glycol
nucleic acid) is even simpler than TNA,
with just three carbon atoms in its backbone, yet can still form helical molecules, much like DNA (The Journal of Organic Chemistry, DOI: 10.1021 / jo201469b).
Nanomachines include structures of complex proteins and
nucleic acids that are powered
with chemical energy and can perform directed movements.
«Cancer is like a person's thumbprint; each person's cancer is uniquely theirs,» says Bill Hearl, CEO of Immunomic Therapeutics, a clinical stage biotechnology company developing a
nucleic acid immunotherapy platform
with the potential to treat cancer, allergies and animal health issues.
Clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeats (CRISPR) / CRISPR - associated (Cas) systems provide bacteria and archaea
with adaptive immunity against viruses and plasmids by using CRISPR RNAs (crRNAs) to guide the silencing of invading
nucleic acids.
With his wife, Margaret, Clark then moved to Boston, where he had secured a 3 - year postdoc with Jack Buchanan, a biochemist at the nearby Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT) who was investigating the synthesis of nucleic - acid building blocks called purines and of prote
With his wife, Margaret, Clark then moved to Boston, where he had secured a 3 - year postdoc
with Jack Buchanan, a biochemist at the nearby Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT) who was investigating the synthesis of nucleic - acid building blocks called purines and of prote
with Jack Buchanan, a biochemist at the nearby Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT) who was investigating the synthesis of
nucleic - acid building blocks called purines and of proteins.
Investigations of how short chains of
nucleic acids replicate themselves in vitro have even provided clues to primitive genetic codes for translating
nucleic acid information into protein information, systems that could have preceded the elaborate machinery of ribosomes and activating enzymes
with which cells now manufacture protein.
In their report receiving advance online release in Nature, the investigators describe evolved versions of the DNA - cutting Cas9 enzyme that are able to recognize a different range of
nucleic acid sequences than is possible
with the naturally occurring form of Cas9 that has been used to date.
Even a mannequin imprinted
with glowing As, Cs, Ts and Gs — representing the four
nucleic acid bases that make up DNA — pales in comparison to a giant squid on another floor.
Exosomes are tiny packets of proteins, microRNA and
nucleic acids that cells emit into their environment to both communicate
with neighboring cells and influence their behavior.
«We are proud to partner
with Integrated DNA Technologies, a prominent leader in the field of
nucleic acid — based technologies,» said Rachel Haurwitz, Ph.D., President and Chief Executive Officer of Caribou.
«Antisense» compounds are synthesized
with nucleotides, the building blocks of
nucleic acid, often shown as various combinations of A, U, G and C.
This reprogramming methodology dispenses
with the standard
nucleic acid - mediated strategy and instead treats cells
with conditioned media (CM) designed to mimic the primitive embryonic environment.
Lipids are one of the four major molecular components of biological organisms, along
with proteins, sugars, and
nucleic acids.
Roger Williams, Burke's postdoctoral advisor in the division of protein and
nucleic acid chemistry at the Medical Research Council Laboratory of Molecular Biology, called Burke «simply one of the best postdoctoral researchers
with whom I have worked in the 25 years that I have been a group leader in the Laboratory of Molecular Biology in Cambridge, UK.
Saltzman, who is also a member of the Yale Cancer Center, said these nanoparticles were designed to have a slight positive charge to interact
with the negative charge of the siRNA's
nucleic acid.
Our research focuses on the three - dimensional structure of proteins,
nucleic acids and their complexes
with the aim to further our understanding of several essential mechanisms in the cell.
Specific activities include optimizing the conduct and oversight of gene transfer research, updating and interpreting biosafety policies under the NIH Guidelines Involving Research
with Recombinant and Synthetic
Nucleic Acids, providing critical input on governmental policies regarding dual use research, the NIH Stem Cell Registry.
Ronald W. Davis, Ph.D., Stanford University, Stanford, Calif. $ 450,000 (2 years) «Single Molecule
Nucleic Acid Detection with Nanopipettes» This group takes a stepwise approach to single nucleic acid molecule detection, using the nanoscale pore in a pulled glass pipette to measure single DNA molecules with attached nanopar
Nucleic Acid Detection
with Nanopipettes» This group takes a stepwise approach to single
nucleic acid molecule detection, using the nanoscale pore in a pulled glass pipette to measure single DNA molecules with attached nanopar
nucleic acid molecule detection, using the nanoscale pore in a pulled glass pipette to measure single DNA molecules
with attached nanoparticles.
Jörg brings over 17 years» experience in drug discovery and development across key areas such as oncology, infectious diseases, vaccinology, and autoimmunity,
with a focus on peptide and
nucleic acid - based therapeutics.
Large - scale and effective studies of biological molecules
with a different structural basis such as proteins,
nucleic acids, carbohydrates, lipids and numerous metabolites (including e.g. fatty acids, amino acids, purines, pyrimidines or steroids) is currently highly attractive because of the availability of modern instruments and tools for both separation and analysis (2 - D chromatographs, capillary electrophoresis systems, microfluidics, mass spectrometers, powerful NMR spectrometers, DNA / RNA arrays and others).
Schulze - Makuch also noted that a better indicator of life on Mars would be «the presence of DNA, some other
nucleic acid or organic macromolecules that could be a breakdown product of a
nucleic acid associated
with these microfeatures.»
Thioester bonds reversibly
with the cysteine on the peptides to form thioester peptide
nucleic acid (tPNA).
We reasoned that contamination from XMRV - infected LNCaP cells was more likely given that the laboratory at the Cleveland Clinic performing the
nucleic acid extractions in 2004 was simultaneously working
with LNCaP and had only worked
with 22Rv1 more than 2 years prior.
For high - throughput screening using fragment analysis, RNA was isolated using a MagnaPure LC system
with a MagnaPure LC total
nucleic acid isolation kit (Roche) according to instructions from the manufacturer.