Sentences with phrase «with ocean measurements»

We combine satellite data with ocean measurements to depths of 1,800 m, and show that between January 2001 and December 2010, Earth has been steadily accumulating energy at a rate of 0.50 + / - 0.43 Wm - 2 (uncertainties at the 90 % confidence level).

Not exact matches

Saildrone's fleet of sailboats — which are outfitted with dozens of sensors, measurement tools, and cameras — can capture data on fish and wildlife populations, environmental health, ocean temperatures, weather, and climate change.

Thanks to Swarm's precise measurements along with those from Champ — a mission that ended in 2010 after measuring Earth's gravity and magnetic fields for more than 10 years — scientists have not only been able to find the magnetic field generated by ocean tides but, remarkably, they have used this new information to image the electrical nature of Earth's upper mantle 250 km below the ocean floor.

In recent years, buoy - based measurements, thought to be more accurate as buoy sensors are in direct contact with the ocean surface, have grown in frequency, while ship - based measurements have become less common.

To model the projected impact of climate change on marine biodiversity, the researchers used climate - velocity trajectories, a measurement which combines the rate and direction of movement of ocean temperature bands over time, together with information about thermal tolerance and habitat preference.

They compared isotope measurements on the silica skeletons of diatoms, which store environmental signals from the ocean's surface, with isotope signals from radiolarians, which live in deeper water layers.

«With its dual view measurement capability, it will be used to derive accurate surface temperature, a key parameter at the ocean - atmosphere boundary.

Co-author Nerilie Abram, from the Australian National University, said: «In order to better understand climate change in Antarctica, we need continued climate measurements in the Antarctic and Southern Ocean, and extension of these short observational records with past climate reconstructions and climate modelling.»

The new analysis combines sea - surface temperature records with meteorological station measurements and tests alternative choices for ocean records, urban warming and tropical and Arctic oscillations.

Combining the seismic data with measurements from sediment samples previously retrieved from this region through ocean drilling, they found that while the thickness of the incoming sediment is similar offshore of Washington and Oregon, the compaction is very different.

Their simulations did not agree with measurements of ocean heat made by scientists since the 1970s, particularly in the Southern Hemisphere.

Deploying new sensors that drift with sometimes strong currents (allowing better measurement of marine snow than sensors placed on the ocean floor or tethered to the surface), the team sampled the flora and fauna and measured the amount of falling carbon material captured to assess the role of the ocean as a true carbon sink.

That same year a European probe that had traveled with Cassini plunged into the thick, foggy atmosphere of the moon Titan and — together with the mother ship's measurements from above — found evidence of an ocean of ammonia and water hidden beneath a stunning landscape of dunes, mountains, and rivers.

Dr Samantha Gibbs, from Ocean and Earth Science at the University of Southampton, who was Dr O'Dea's PhD supervisor and co-author of the study, says: «A key objective was to record calcification in fossil coccolithophores in a way that enabled direct comparison with measurements from living specimens.

The addition of Svalbard will allow the mission to collect data on sea ice and snow in a scarcely measured section of the Arctic Ocean and its surrounding seas, along with measurements of a few glaciers in the Svalbard archipelago.

TIMED will launch aboard a Boeing Delta 2 rocket along with another spacecraft, called Jason 1, which will take measurements of circulations in the Earth's oceans for use in climate research.

To do this, they combined ocean wave data available from measurements taken by ocean buoys, with nonlinear analysis of the underlying water wave equations.

The NASA Plankton, Aerosol, Cloud, Ocean Ecosystem (PACE) mission, with a target launch within the next 5 years, aims to make measurements that will advance ocean and atmospheric science and facilitate interdisciplinary studies involving the interaction of the atmosphere with ocean biological sysOcean Ecosystem (PACE) mission, with a target launch within the next 5 years, aims to make measurements that will advance ocean and atmospheric science and facilitate interdisciplinary studies involving the interaction of the atmosphere with ocean biological sysocean and atmospheric science and facilitate interdisciplinary studies involving the interaction of the atmosphere with ocean biological sysocean biological systems.

If we can also have confidence in GRACE measurements, which give us the ocean mass increasing (melting and...), is it possible to find a best estimation of OHC than with XBT, ARGO,...?

«The challenge is really first understanding what the natural variability looks like in this data - poor region, and then making measurements long enough that we can tease out the long - term ocean acidification trend, which is this gradual increase through time,» he said «It's really hard to see with just one or two years of data.»

With very little land area to soak up the sun, the ARM site measurements gathered here were expected to emulate the larger ocean area.

With this study, Severinghaus and colleagues have shown that measurements of noble gases in the atmosphere provide the historical record long sought by the scientific community, and can be further optimized to gain insights into modern ocean temperature changes as well.

Comparing the concentrations of all three ocean - derived components with satellite measurements of cloud droplets, the researchers developed a new mathematical equation describing how the sulfates and organic matter relate to cloud droplet concentrations.

Coastal physical oceanography, subtidal circulation, ocean observing systems, real - time surface buoy design, towable buoy designs, autonomous vehicles, surface current measurements with HF RADAR, Doppler technology, oceanographic applications of artificial neural networks.

«2015 is likely to be the hottest year on record with ocean surface temperatures at the highest level since measurements began.

Ocean coverage by floats reached 90 % by 2005 [66], with the gaps mainly in sea ice regions, yielding the potential for an accurate energy balance assessment, provided that several systematic measurement biases exposed in the past decade are minimized [67]--[69].

The AVM 3D function is combined with the ROV's camera to improve measurement of distances on the ocean floor.

Naturally, one can do better with measurements of subsurface ocean temperatures and glacier volume (which affects latent heat content of the Earth), but the surface temperature does pretty well for a start.

If we can also have confidence in GRACE measurements, which give us the ocean mass increasing (melting and...), is it possible to find a best estimation of OHC than with XBT, ARGO,...?

Very recent, wide ranging review of temperature measurements in the oceans with a detailed discussion of the accuracy of the data, planetary energy balance and the effect of the warming on sea levels.

The mainstream media by and large got the story right — puzzling anomaly tracked down, corrections in progress after a little scientific detective work, consequences minor — even though a few headline writers got a little carried away in equating a specific dip in 1945 ocean temperatures with the more gentle 1940s - 1970s cooling that is seen in the land measurements.

[Response: You fail to see that ocean temperatures, satellite measurements, glacier melting, Arctic ice retreat, changes in phenology are all consistent with a warming planet.

But what do cloud measurements indicate for the ocean regions with most cooling?

But more important than agreement with computer models is the fact that four years with no warming in the upper ocean does not erase the 50 years of warming we've seen since ocean temperature measurements became widespread....

The very first measurements of deep ocean temperatures were performed with instruments lowered from a ship down into the ocean.

By contrast, there is quite a lot of data now telling us that CO2 is not a climate driver: We did the experiment of adding a large slug of CO2 to the air and the temperature stopped rising in 1997, the stratosphere stopped cooling in 1995 and the oceans showed no warming down to 700m when we replaced guesswork with accurate measurement in 2003.

Then, when combined with the number of measurements and uncertainties induces by thermal eddies and ocean mixture, it is seems unlikely to me that measurements can tease out the true OHC.

The work in question takes measurements from one locale, and doesn't publish conclusions, rather Doney's statements are giving his opinion about what he read, «Long - term ocean acidification trends are clearly evident over the past several decades in open - ocean time - series and hydrographic survey data, and the trends are consistent with the growth rate of atmospheric carbon dioxide (Dore et al., 2009).»

In your case, the ice cores must be wrong, in my case, there is no problem with ice core CO2 (neither with historical CO2 levels over the oceans), as the 0.3 K temperature increase in the period 1900 - 1950 causes an increase of about 0.9 ppmv CO2, which is within the accuracy of the ice core measurements, the rest of the observed increase is due to human emissions.

Most interesting is that the about monthly variations correlate with the lunar phases (peak on full moon) The Helsinki Background measurements 1935 The first background measurements in history; sampling data in vertical profile every 50 - 100m up to 1,5 km; 364 ppm underthe clouds and above Haldane measurements at the Scottish coast 370 ppmCO2 in winds from the sea; 355 ppm in air from the land Wattenberg measurements in the southern Atlantic ocean 1925-1927 310 sampling stations along the latitudes of the southern Atlantic oceans and parts of the northern; measuring all oceanographic data and CO2 in air over the sea; high ocean outgassing crossing the warm water currents north (> ~ 360 ppm) Buchs measurements in the northern Atlantic ocean 1932 - 1936 sampling CO2 over sea surface in northern Atlantic Ocean up to the polar circle (Greenland, Iceland, Spitsbergen, Barents Sea); measuring also high CO2 near Spitsbergen (Spitsbergen current, North Cape current) 364 ppm and CO2 over sea crossing the Atlantic from Kopenhagen to Newyork and back (Brements on a swedish island Lundegards CO2 sampling on swedish island (Kattegatt) in summer from 1920 - 1926; rising CO2 concentration (+7 ppm) in the 20s; ~ 328 ppm yearly avocean 1925-1927 310 sampling stations along the latitudes of the southern Atlantic oceans and parts of the northern; measuring all oceanographic data and CO2 in air over the sea; high ocean outgassing crossing the warm water currents north (> ~ 360 ppm) Buchs measurements in the northern Atlantic ocean 1932 - 1936 sampling CO2 over sea surface in northern Atlantic Ocean up to the polar circle (Greenland, Iceland, Spitsbergen, Barents Sea); measuring also high CO2 near Spitsbergen (Spitsbergen current, North Cape current) 364 ppm and CO2 over sea crossing the Atlantic from Kopenhagen to Newyork and back (Brements on a swedish island Lundegards CO2 sampling on swedish island (Kattegatt) in summer from 1920 - 1926; rising CO2 concentration (+7 ppm) in the 20s; ~ 328 ppm yearly avocean outgassing crossing the warm water currents north (> ~ 360 ppm) Buchs measurements in the northern Atlantic ocean 1932 - 1936 sampling CO2 over sea surface in northern Atlantic Ocean up to the polar circle (Greenland, Iceland, Spitsbergen, Barents Sea); measuring also high CO2 near Spitsbergen (Spitsbergen current, North Cape current) 364 ppm and CO2 over sea crossing the Atlantic from Kopenhagen to Newyork and back (Brements on a swedish island Lundegards CO2 sampling on swedish island (Kattegatt) in summer from 1920 - 1926; rising CO2 concentration (+7 ppm) in the 20s; ~ 328 ppm yearly avocean 1932 - 1936 sampling CO2 over sea surface in northern Atlantic Ocean up to the polar circle (Greenland, Iceland, Spitsbergen, Barents Sea); measuring also high CO2 near Spitsbergen (Spitsbergen current, North Cape current) 364 ppm and CO2 over sea crossing the Atlantic from Kopenhagen to Newyork and back (Brements on a swedish island Lundegards CO2 sampling on swedish island (Kattegatt) in summer from 1920 - 1926; rising CO2 concentration (+7 ppm) in the 20s; ~ 328 ppm yearly avOcean up to the polar circle (Greenland, Iceland, Spitsbergen, Barents Sea); measuring also high CO2 near Spitsbergen (Spitsbergen current, North Cape current) 364 ppm and CO2 over sea crossing the Atlantic from Kopenhagen to Newyork and back (Brements on a swedish island Lundegards CO2 sampling on swedish island (Kattegatt) in summer from 1920 - 1926; rising CO2 concentration (+7 ppm) in the 20s; ~ 328 ppm yearly average

Comparisons of direct measurements with satellite data and climate models suggest that the oceans of the southern hemisphere have been sucking up more than twice as much of the heat trapped by our excess greenhouse gases than previously calculated.

This should be obvious from the fact that we can not determine the average temperature of the ocean from 10 measurements with any accuracy or precision.

Ambient submicron particle measurements were made with a high - resolution time - of - flight aerosol mass spectrometer (AMS) at the north campus of the University of California Irvine, which is located in the SoCAB approximately 5 miles inland from the Pacific Ocean.

The satellite measurements are made from hundreds of miles above the ocean while those made from ships are by direct contact with the water.

A new NASA and University of Tasmania study combined the ship's 135 - plus - year - old measurements of ocean temperatures with modern observations to get a picture of how the world's ocean has changed since the Challenger's voyage.

Researchers from the University of Tasmania, Sandy Bay, Australia; and NASA's Jet Propulsion Laboratory, Pasadena, Calif., combined the ship's measurements of ocean temperatures with modern observations from the international Argo array of ocean profiling floats.

The principal scientific objective is to make global SSS measurements over the ice - free oceans with 150 - km spatial resolution, and to achieve a measurement error less than 0.2 (PSS - 78 [practical salinity scale of 1978]-RRB- on a 30 - day time scale, taking into account all sensors and geophysical random errors and biases.Salinity is indeed a key indicator of the strength of the hydrologic cycle because it tracks the differences created by varying evaporation and precipitation, runoff, and ice processes.

The ARGO measurements of ocean temperatures with depth shows that the seasonal variation penetrates hundreds of meters deep with a lag of only a few months or around 3 months, 1/4 of a period, to be more precise.

The biggest change occurred in measurement methodology and scope, with the switch from tide gauges (which measure SL at various shorelines, where humans live) to satellite altimetry (which measures the entire ocean except polar regions and coastlines, which can not be captured by satellites).

He should keep up with the times there has been plenty of measurement of the deep ocean by several different bodies.