Not exact matches
Hydrogen may be the ultimate clean fuel because burning it — in chemical terms, reacting it
with oxygen — yields
only water vapor.
In a clean cloud, the same spike of high
water vapor could last a long time
with only a few fortunate droplets in the
vapor's vicinity to munch plentifully and grow much bigger than their neighbors.
He notes that DMF could rapidly replace ethanol, because it not
only provides more energy but also has a higher boiling point (allowing DMF to blend more easily
with gasoline) and it does not react
with water (ethanol absorbs atmospheric
water vapor, which degrades its potency).
Today, there is
only enough
water vapor in Venus» atmosphere to cover the planet
with 3 centimeters (1.2 inches) of
water, if the
vapor were an ocean.
This electricity used to power the vehicle, along
with heat and
water vapor, are the
only byproducts of fuel cells.
«
With a range of over 300 miles per tank, a refueling time of under five minutes, and emissions that consist
only of
water vapor, Mirai is leading the world forward toward a more sustainable future.»
Shifting between states is a vital part of solving the various puzzles, and
with the exception of
vapor to
water (think precipitation) you can
only do so at specific locations, so plan carefully.
BUT that if we continue to add CO2 to the air, the air has the added heat capacity to get warmer, IF and
ONLY IF driven by the sun, but rapidly come to equilibrium
with the ocean, by means of rain and the daily heating & condensation of the
water vapor feedback mechanism.
Essentially Charney climate sensitivity is calculated
only with the fast feedbacks:
water vapor, sea ice, etc..
You have mentioned a MGT feedback loop of diminishing
water vapor as the
only thing that explains the hiatus well but it could also occur
with increasing
water vapor as clouds might reflect more sunlight back restoring the new system to its temperature mean.
«gbaikie,
with the constant relative humidity assumption (and it is
only an assumption), the
water vapor effect is proportional to the CO2 effect.»
Seventy percent of the earth is covered
with water, but
only a tiny amount occurs in the atmosphere as
vapor or ice crystals.
Water vapor is responsible for 80 percent of that effect, and carbon dioxide for
only 10 percent,
with methane, ozone, and so forth accounting for the remainder.
Given your background it is probably evident that
with only the GHG model input and the resulting «
water vapor feedback» controlled, the GCM functions as a noise generator
with a variable bias.
However, since the amount of
water vapor varies significantly
with altitude, and because this is for instructive purposes
only, I have not made those adjustments.
It's easier just to stick
with the known, 0.8 to 1.6 C per doubling, WM - GHGs
only, since
water vapor is going to do what
water vapor wants to do.
I would like also mention that when calculating the influence of
water vapor or CO2 one ought to calculate not
with the total back radiation but
only with that part that is due to
water vapor and / or CO2.
Supercritical stations burn less coal per megawatt - hour produced and so benefit the environment and the electricity consumer.A modern, highly efficient, supercritical coal - fired station
with stack gas cleanup is very clean indeed, essentially emitting
only water vapor, carbon dioxide and nitrogen.
Areas receiving modest cuts or level funding in the Energy Department's FY17 budget included solar and wind energy programs aimed at expanding renewable power and lowering costs for these clean energy technologies; work to advance hydrogen and fuel cellElectrochemical device in which electricity is generated by chemically reacting hydrogen
with oxygen; electricity,
water vapor, and heat are the
only products.
Electrochemical device in which electricity is generated by chemically reacting hydrogen
with oxygen; electricity,
water vapor, and heat are the
only products.
This rapid turnover, combined
with the variation of temperature
with height and geography, causes
water vapor to be distributed unevenly in the atmosphere, not
only horizontally but vertically as well.
I, for one, believe that in time even the
water vapor «problem» will be solved — but
only with empirical studies and probably
only over several decades.
This results in a major positive feedback from
water vapor only in IPCC's world where it keeps cloud cover constant
with unpublished, primitive, unsatisfactory, failing parameterizations.
Elliott et al. conclude, based on the selected data below 500 hPa
only that SH (moisture content) increased slightly
with warming, but not at a rate sufficiently strong to maintain constant RH, as is assumed by the IPCC models in estimating
water vapor feedback.
With Hansen talking about «tipping points» in the climatic energy - budget, high priests of AGW raising the specter of «runaway greenhouse,» and modelers resorting to a fictitious positive
water -
vapor feedback in their calculations, energetics (power fluxes) in the geosystem is not
only relevant, but the central issue.
Ryan Maue, if we assume that Kevin Trenbreth has the seminal paper on atmospheric
water vapor products in the paper: «Trends and variability in column - integrated atmospheric
water vapor», then I have the distinct view that we
only have
water vapor data that would pass muster
with Trenberth for the period 1988 forward and
only over the oceans in the form of the RSS SSM / I measurements / reanalysis.
The difference has nothing to do
with the amount of
water in the atmosphere, but
only with whether or not the
water vapor is changing state.
If all of the
water vapor in our planet's atmosphere fell as
water at once and spread out evenly, it would
only cover the globe
with about an inch of
water.
Although hydrogen generates about 62,000 Btu per pound, it accounts for
only 5 percent or less of coal and not all of this is available for heat because part of the hydrogen combines
with oxygen to form
water vapor.
The calculations can
only be made in steady state temperature conditions,
with the inability to model
water vapor or clouds.
I know of
only a few materials capable of down converting light in this manner, and they all have to be charged
with much more energetic light to be able to «phosphoresce» in this manner (see: http://www.roithner-laser.at/cards.html), and neither CO2, nor
water vapor, nor CH4 are capable of this kind of behavior.