RNA - sequencing dissects the transcriptome of polyploid cancer cells that are resistant to combined treatments of cisplatin
with paclitaxel and docetaxel.
Oral administration of mebendazole in mice elicited a strong antitumor effect in a subcutaneous model and reduced lesions in experimentally induced lung metastasis without any toxicity when compared
with paclitaxel - treated mice [9,20].
As a result, the mice had twice as many cancer cells zipping through their bloodstream and in their lungs compared with mice not treated
with paclitaxel.
They confirmed this by showing that tumor growth was reduced in mice treated with an antibody drug that targets TIM - 3 and the chemotherapy agent paclitaxel, as compared to treatment
with paclitaxel alone.
When p21 is produced, no synergy occurs
with paclitaxel; therefore, there is no benefit of adding the HDAC inhibitor to treatment.
«The significance of this trial is that many patients... develop an allergy to what is mixed
with paclitaxel, creating more side effects,» said Dr. Williamson.
The experimental drug nintedanib, combined with standard chemotherapy
with paclitaxel, causes a total remission of tumours in 50 % of patients suffering from early HER - 2 - negative breast cancer, the most common type of breast cancer.
Recent collaborative work between UCR and Cedars - Sinai Medical Center in Los Angeles demonstrated that in animal models of human breast cancer, mice treated with 123B9 that was conjugated
with paclitaxel had significantly fewer circulating cancer cells in the blood compared to mice that were not treated or even treated
with paclitaxel alone.
«Because this binding causes EphA2 internalization, we also sought to conjugate 123B9
with paclitaxel and thus direct the drug to migrating cancer cells,» said Pellecchia, who holds the Daniel Hays Chair in Cancer Research at UCR.
Not exact matches
«Indeed, in a second tumor model of metastatic breast cancer, we demonstrated that mice treated
with the EphA2 - targeting
paclitaxel conjugate presented nearly no lung metastases, while a large numbers of lesions were observed in both untreated mice and in mice treated
with just
paclitaxel.»
The compound (right panel) has a scorpion - like shape
with two arms grabbing EphA2 - expressing cancer cells, and a tail (brown) constituted by a cytotoxic chemotherapeutic agent (
paclitaxel used in this work).
Nanotax is the fine particle formulation of
paclitaxel mixed
with saline, which the body can absorb and tolerate much better without the allergy risk.
Nanotax works by flipping the script on how
paclitaxel is administered to patients and
with how it's formulated, potentially making it a more effective and better tolerated treatment for ovarian and other abdominal cancers.
A combination of fostamatinib and
paclitaxel reduced tumor size in six mice by up to 87 percent, compared
with no shrinkage in six untreated animals after three weeks.
After five weeks, the combination treatment in the six mice decreased tumor size by up to 66 percent, compared
with six mice treated
with only
paclitaxel.
Based on results of the current study described in a report online June 18 in the journal Cancer Cell, Johns Hopkins researchers say they are planning a phase I clinical trial to test the
paclitaxel - fostamatinib combination therapy in patients
with recurrent advanced ovarian cancer.
When regular
paclitaxel is given to patients, it is mixed
with ethanol and castor oil derivative, and many patients develop an allergy to that additive (all patients are pretreated to prevent serious allergic reactions).
Working in cell cultures and mice, researchers at Johns Hopkins have found that an experimental drug called fostamatinib combined
with the chemotherapy drug
paclitaxel may overcome ovarian cancer cells» resistance to
paclitaxel.
But when the researchers treated the resistant cells
with the SYK inhibitor fostamatinib, they were able to increase the
paclitaxel sensitivity of the cells.
Shih, Wang and their colleagues tested fostamatinib's power to reduce tumor size in mice implanted
with human ovarian cancer cells that were resistant to
paclitaxel.
Even as he leads a national clinical trial testing a combination of
paclitaxel chemotherapy
with an experimental agent known as efatutazone, Dr. Smallridge is working
with Dr. Copland and researcher Laura Marlow to find an HDAC inhibitor that might offer additional benefit.
In testing multiple HDAC inhibitors in combination
with the chemotherapy drug
paclitaxel, known to give some benefit for this aggressive cancer, they found that class II HDAC inhibitors signal through a newly discovered pathway to promote synergy
with chemotherapy treatment.
TRINOVA - 2 is evaluating pegylated liposomal doxorubicin in combination
with either placebo or trebananib in previously treated patients
with ovarian cancer while TRINOVA - 3, also known as ENGOT - Ov2 and Gynecologic Oncology Group — 3001, is studying the use of trebananib in front - line treatment adding it to carboplatin /
paclitaxel.
Combining
Paclitaxel with Nutlin - 3 not only potentiated the tumor response to
Paclitaxel, but also prevented Numb - deficient tumors from re-growing after treatment discontinuation.
TRINOVA - 1 was a randomized prospective phase III clinical trial that added trebananib or placebo to standard chemotherapy (weekly
paclitaxel) among 919 women
with recurrent ovarian cancer patient from 179 sites in 32 countries.
Like the family of taxanes (of which
paclitaxel is a member), epothilones prevent cancer cells from dividing by interfering
with tubulin proteins that form the cells» skeletal microtubules.
«Given that pemetrexed combined
with cisplatin may be less toxic than and as active as cisplatin plus
paclitaxel and that it can be combined
with bevacizumab, investigating the comparison of cisplatin - pemetrexed plus bevacizumab
with cisplatin -
paclitaxel plus bevacizumab would be the next appropriate step,» said Dr. Miller, who holds the Amy and Vernon E. Faulconer Distinguished Chair in Medical Science and the Dallas Foundation Chair in Gynecologic Oncology.
In the phase II CIRCCa trial, researchers compared two groups of patients
with relapsed or metastatic cervical cancer given conventional chemotherapy
with carboplatin and
paclitaxel plus either cediranib (34 patients) or an identical looking placebo tablet (35 patients).
Both arms received
paclitaxel and carboplatin for six cycles and the study arm patients continued
with bevacizumab maintenance.
Research published in the Journal of Clinical Oncology indicates that adding trastuzumab to carboplatin -
paclitaxel chemotherapy (CT) increased progression - free survival in patients
with advanced or recurrent uterine serous carcinoma who overexpressed HER2 / neu.
Randomized Phase III Study of Maintenance Therapy
with Bevacizumab, Pemetrexed, or a Combination of Bevacizumab and Pemetrexed Following Carboplatin,
Paclitaxel and Bevacizumab for Advanced Non-Squamous NSCLC
39, 40 Previous studies have been performed
with other chemotherapy agents such as: carboplatin, gemcitabine, doxorubicin,
paclitaxel, 5 - fluoracil, camptothecin, bevacizumab and docetaxel10.
To uncover how groups of cancer cells achieve functional diversity (through RNA) to survive chemotherapy, Lopez - Diaz dosed dishes of human pre-cancer and metastatic breast cancer cells
with the cancer drug
paclitaxel for a week and then removed the drug for a few weeks, mimicking the treatment cycle for a cancer patient.
Increased Survival in Pancreatic Cancer
with nab -
Paclitaxel plus Gemcitabine
Paclitaxel (Taxol ®) is a widely - used anticancer agent for treatment of ovarian, breast, lung, head, and neck cancer
with two serious side effects: myelosuppression and peripheral sensory neurotoxicity which limits its use in high / cumulative doses or in combination
with other anticancer agents.
In this study Sprague Dawley rats were injected intraperitoneally
with either vehicle or
paclitaxel (2 mg / kg).
In collaboration
with Nanyang Technological University, experiments were also conducted to co-deliver
paclitaxel and small interfering RNA (siRNA) targeting a protein that prevents cell death (Bcl - 2) to MDA - MB - 231 human breast cancer cell line.
In 2013, Abraxane (nanoparticle albumin — bound formulation of
paclitaxel) was approved in combination
with gemcitabine for metastatic pancreatic cancer.
Paclitaxel by either 1 - hour or 24 - hour infusion in combination
with carboplatin in advanced non-small cell lung cancer: preliminary results comparing sequential phase II trials.
Results have shown that the co-delivery of an anti-cancer drug (
paclitaxel)
with a highly potent anti-tumor «messenger molecule» (IL - 12 encoded plasmid2) using the carrier suppressed cancer growth more efficiently than the delivery of either
paclitaxel or the plasmid in mice bearing 4T1 breast cancer.
The first study found that adding Avastin to standard chemotherapy (carboplatin and
paclitaxel) and continuing
with «maintenance» Avastin after chemo actually slowed the time - to - disease recurrence in women
with advanced ovarian cancer.