In 1992, we had just completed the first IPCC assessment report, here was their conclusion: «The size of this warming is broadly consistent
with predictions of climate models, but it is also of the same magnitude as natural climate variability... The unequivocal detection of the enhanced greenhouse effect from observations is not likely for a decade or more.
Some apparent problems
with the predictions of climate models, for example, have actually turned out to be due to problems with real - world data caused by the failure to correct for factors such as the gradual changes in orbits of satellites.
Not exact matches
All
of this data — and its conformance
with predictions from computer - generated
models — provide key evidence
of climate change.
The research in the paper combined the latest
climate predictions from the Met Office Hadley Centre, including a high resolution
climate model for the UK,
with two phosphorus transfer
models of different complexity.
Based on a peatland
model developed at the University
of York and latest
climate change
predictions, the researchers warn that by 2051 - 80 the dunlin could see a 50 % decline in numbers,
with the golden plover down 30 % and the red grouse down by 15 %, all driven by declining abundance
of the birds» crane fly prey.
The researchers then used a mathematical
model that combined the conflict data
with temperature and rainfall projections through 2050 to come up
with predictions about the likelihood
of climate - related violence in the future.
«
Climate science is a «data - heavy» discipline
with many intellectually interesting questions that can benefit from computational
modeling and
prediction,» said Dovrolis, a professor in the School
of Computer Science, «Cross-disciplinary collaborations are challenging at first — every discipline has its own language, preferred approach and research culture — but they can be quite rewarding at the end.»
The impact
of these results is wide - reaching, and Dr Pullen suggests that it may even change how we think about global
climate data: «Climate models need to incorporate genetic elements because at present most do not, and their predictions would be much improved with a better understanding of plant carbon demand.
climate data: «
Climate models need to incorporate genetic elements because at present most do not, and their predictions would be much improved with a better understanding of plant carbon demand.
Climate models need to incorporate genetic elements because at present most do not, and their
predictions would be much improved
with a better understanding
of plant carbon demand.»
The new
modeling «is a definite advance,» says
climate forecaster Doug Smith of the Hadley Centre for Climate Prediction and Research in Exeter, U.K. «It's consistent with what we're finding from a range of
climate forecaster Doug Smith
of the Hadley Centre for
Climate Prediction and Research in Exeter, U.K. «It's consistent with what we're finding from a range of
Climate Prediction and Research in Exeter, U.K. «It's consistent
with what we're finding from a range
of models.
The world cooled by between 0.3 °C and 0.4 °C following the eruption, in line
with the upper range
of the
predictions of climate models for such a change in the atmosphere's heat balance.
By working on the still - not - fully - cracked nut
of estimating changes in hurricane frequency and intensity in a warming
climate, Gabe and his colleagues ended up
with a
modeling system
with seasonal skill in regional hurricane
prediction.
The extra data spanning many thousands
of years that this study uncovers will go a long way to matching
model projections
with past observations, helping scientists identify the most accurate
models for making
predictions of future
climate change.
In collaboration
with the National Center for Atmospheric Research, Leung has been developing and applying advanced regional
climate models that will help improve the
predictions of climate change and its impacts.
The statistics
of the weather make short term
climate prediction very difficult — particularly for
climate models that are not run
with any kind
of initialization for observations — this has been said over and over.
A warning to the skeptics — there are very obvious trends for most
of the parameters, which accord
with climate model predictions for a hotter drier future.
Hi, when I am discussing
with climate skeptics, they often refer to the third report
of the IPCC (page 774): «In
climate research and
modelling, we should recognise that we are dealing
with a coupled non-linear chaotic system, and therefore that the long - term
prediction of future
climate states is not possible.»
In
climate research and
modeling, we should recognize that we are dealing
with a coupled non-linear chaotic system, and therefore that the long - term
prediction of future
climate states is not possible.
The researchers compared
predictions of 22 widely used
climate «
models» — elaborate schematics that try to forecast how the global weather system will behave —
with actual readings gathered by surface stations, weather balloons and orbiting satellites over the past three decades.
Specific examples
of additional impacts include a reduction in capital equipment acquisitions across the entire lab
with computing alone sliding from $ 7 million to $ 3 million, the elimination
of NCAR's lidar research facility as well as the extra-solar planet program, delays in computer
modeling and
prediction efforts for both weather and
climate, reductions in the solar coronal observing program, a reduction in the number
of post doctoral appointments, reduction
of the societal impacts program, and widespread deferred maintenance and delays in equipment and instrument acquisition and replacement.
Samson wrote: when I am discussing
with climate skeptics, they often refer to the third report
of the IPCC (page 774): «In
climate research and
modelling, we should recognise that we are dealing
with a coupled non-linear chaotic system, and therefore that the long - term
prediction of future
climate states is not possible.»
But for journalists and others who are not
climate scientists, some narrative would help, as inline text and more clarification as footnotes if needed including, cover for example: — being very clear for a graph what was being forecast (people play silly games
with Hansen, confusing which was BAU)-- Perhaps showing original graph first «This is what was predicted...» in [clearly a] sidebar THEN annotated / overlayed graph
with «And this is how they did...» sidebar — placing the
prediction in context
of the evolving data and science (e.g. we'd reached 3xx ppm and trajectory was; or «used improved ocean
model»; or whatever)-- perhaps a nod to the successive IPCC reports and links to their narrative, so the historical evolution is clear, and also perhaps, how the confidence level has evolved.
I encountered «great difficulties» from Jan
of 2000 until July
of 2005 as a result
of my concerns
with climate change effects on hydrologic
modeling and flood
prediction.
The second study addresses this issue by using a suite
of decadal
prediction experiments performed
with a
climate model capable
of simulating multi-year La Niña events.
Changes in a suite
of ecological processes currently underway across the broader arctic region are consistent
with Earth system
model predictions of climate - induced geographic shifts in the range extent and functioning
of the tundra and boreal forest biomes.
Scientists rely on computerised
climate models to make their
predictions about
climate change.Modelling experiments begin
with a computer simulation
of the present - day
climate.
Comparing
model predictions of GHG - induced warming
with recent natural temperature fluctuations also indicates the potential scale
of man - made
climate change.Early
modelling experiments focused on the total long - term change resulting from a doubling
of carbon dioxide (CO2) levels.
Natural variability makes it difficult to invalidate
climate models that make
predictions disagree
with observations, such as amplification
of warming in the upper tropical troposphere.
A Global
Climate Model (GCM) can provide reliable
prediction information on scales
of around 1000 by 1000 km covering what could be a vastly differing landscape (from very mountainous to flat coastal plains for example)
with greatly varying potential for floods, droughts or other extreme events.
3 - proper weighing,
with justifications, must be given to all (or most)
of the internal and external forcings,
with a clear understanding
of how each affects the
climate equilibrium 2 - this will naturally follow 3 and 4 - thorough
model validation being a must 1 -
predictions must be verified
with full null hypothesis in place.
In any case, if I'm correct, then the apparent failure
of Hansen's
prediction was not to foresee the industrialization
of the 3rd world nations and its ramifications, and not some more basic problem
with his
climate model.
Similar to
predictions for the Red - faced Warbler and Painted Redstart, Audubon's
climate model projects a 90 percent loss
of current summer range by 2080,
with a spread north into corresponding habitat in southern Colorado.
A top - down
climate effect that shows long - term drift (and may also be out
of phase
with the bottom - up solar forcing) would change the spatial response patterns and would mean that
climate - chemistry
models that have sufficient resolution in the stratosphere would become very important for making accurate regional / seasonal
climate predictions.
Scientists proposing catastrophic majority anthropogenic global warming
models (a.k.a. «
Climate change») bear the burden
of proof
of providing clear robust evidence supporting validated
model predictions of anthropogenic warming
with strong significant differences from this climatic null hypothesis.
(Kahan et al, 2012, Figure 2) The results quite clearly show that the
prediction of the SCT
model is falsified and that the perceived risk
of climate change is not correlated
with science literacy and numeracy.
Predicting the cost impact
of various potential warming scenarios requires us to concatenate these
climate predictions with economic
models that predict the cost impact
of these predicted temperature changes on the economy in the 21st, 22nd, and 23rd centuries.
If you were to produce a chaotic
model using the above, I would venture a
prediction that the above former were the massive attractors about which we could make some decent
predictions about the future but that the latter human produced CO2 inserted into our atmosphere would leave us
with hopelessly inadequate and wrong
predictions because CO2 contributed by man is not an attractor
of any significance in the chaotic Earth
climate system nor is CO2 produced by man a perturbation that would yield any predictive ability.
''... qualitatively consistent
with the counterintuitive
prediction of a global atmospheric - ocean
model of increasing sea ice around Antarctica
with climate warming due to the stabilizing effects
of increased snowfall on the Southern Ocean.»
Climate prediction models share one thing in common
with them: even if they could be right, their creators will not want to believe them if predicted results do not correspond to politically correct preconceived notions
of the establishment about how they should be...
There are some source
of predictability that are still not fully resolved (including those dealing
with improving
climate models, but also related to unexplored initial conditions or driving conditions), and a great benefit
of these predictability studies is that they mimic the practice
of weather
prediction by confronting
models with observations at the relevant time and spatial scales, leading to the necessary inspiration for this
model improvement.
During 2015 our decadal
prediction system was upgraded to use the latest high resolution version
of our coupled
climate model, consistent
with our seasonal forecasts.
Very interesting, Mr. S. For those
of us unfamiliar
with the literature can you answer for us the most pressing question about this as a reply to Alson's question: are the paleoclimate runs referred to in this abstract performed by one
of the
models used for contemporary
climate prediction and informing the global political process — i.e., one
of those referred to in the IPCC reports?
To equate
climate models with «bad» science must be understood to be an attempt to undermine any scientific justification for
climate change policies because
models are needed to make
predictions about the future states
of complex systems.
The 2001 Intergovernmental Panel on
Climate Change (IPCC) Report that governments accept as certain predictions of future weather says, «In climate research and modeling, we should recognize that we are dealing with a coupled non-linear chaotic system, and therefore that the long - term prediction of future climate states is not possible.
Climate Change (IPCC) Report that governments accept as certain
predictions of future weather says, «In
climate research and modeling, we should recognize that we are dealing with a coupled non-linear chaotic system, and therefore that the long - term prediction of future climate states is not possible.
climate research and
modeling, we should recognize that we are dealing
with a coupled non-linear chaotic system, and therefore that the long - term
prediction of future
climate states is not possible.
climate states is not possible.»
The researchers used recent historical data and not
climate modeling, so the study does not make any future
predictions, but Swain says the findings appear to be consistent
with other
climate research that reveals there is little change in average precipitation, but an increase in the amount
of very wet or very dry periods.
Eilperin glosses over the fact that this latest UN
climate «report» is a strategically timed political document peppered
with unproven computer
climate models that violate the basic principles
of forecasting and that even the UN does not call «
predictions.»
The reason for the «wild range»
of model predictions has much more to do
with the uncertainty in how emissions will play out in the coming century than it does in the
climate sensitivity to CO2 forcing.
Ault and his colleagues used this index in combination
with global
climate models to create long term
predictions of how spring onset dates will change in the coming decades.
The many hours
of studying
models and comparing them
with actual
climate changes fulfills the increasing wish to know how much one can trust
climate models and their
predictions.
So please stop using the impending «
model predicted doom» as an excuse for your inability to match the trajectory
of various global
climate parameters
with predictions.
... in
climate research and
modeling we should recognise that we are dealing
with a complex non linear chaotic signature and therefore that long - term
prediction of future climatic states is not possible...