Sentences with phrase «with radiation measurement»

Erich Berger and Mari Keto have made radioactive jewels, part of their Inheritance Project, that are unwearable by humans — and remain locked in a concrete vault equipped with radiation measurement devices.

Not exact matches

APRIL 1960 RADIATION — «With the new measurement of the mean lethal dose for reproductive function of mammalian cells, it is now possible to explain the relatively low mean lethal dose of 400 to 500 roentgens for the entire body.

«Until the 1990s, we thought that the Van Allen belts were pretty well - behaved and changed slowly,» said Geoff Reeves, the first author on the paper and a radiation belt scientist at Los Alamos National Laboratory in Los Alamos, N.M. «With more and more measurements, however, we realized how quickly and unpredictably the radiation belts changed.

Outfitted with specialised instruments, the buoy functions as an unmanned research platform for continuous measurements of solar radiation absorption and other critical properties of Arctic snow and ice.

By comparing recent measurements with results from new models, the network challenged the long - debated assumption that the Sun's slight change in radiation could cause Earth's climate to change.

Data collected with the Hubble Space Telescope is helping astronomers map dark matter in space along with X-ray pictures of colliding galaxies, measurements of cosmic background radiation, and analysis of the way stars on the ends of galactic arms rotate.

In the study, long - term historical meteorological data were combined with relatively short measurements of air pollution particles in China in an innovative way to clarify interactions among the solar radiation, surface wind and air pollution.

With the help of EDMR, electrically detected magnetic resonance, an ultrasensitive method of measurement, they were able to determine the local defects» structure by detecting their magnetic fingerprint in the photo current of the solar cell under a magnetic field and microwave radiation.

The Castle Bravo blast contaminated the Japanese fishing vessel Lucky Dragon No. 5, with its 23 crewmen exposed to about 260 rads — a measurement of radiation absorbed by human tissue.

But in 1968, rocket measurements found high amounts of shorter wavelength radiation that clashed with a thermal spectrum and threatened the big bang hypothesis.

This is from the journal Science: Measurements of Energetic Particle Radiation in Transit to Mars on the Mars Science Laboratory «These data provide insights into the radiation hazards that would be associated with a human mission to Mars.

«If you really believe our number — and we have shed blood, sweat and tears to get our measurement right and to accurately understand the uncertainties — then it leads to the conclusion that there is a problem with predictions based on measurements of the cosmic microwave background radiation, the leftover glow from the Big Bang,» said Alex Filippenko, a UC Berkeley professor of astronomy and co-author of a paper announcing the discovery.

In this lecture, George Efstathiou will describe how recent measurements of the cosmic microwave background radiation made with the Planck Satellite can be used to answer these questions and to elucidate what happened within 10 - 35 seconds of the creation of our Universe.

SNL is an internationally recognized leader in the development of MOFs for practical applications, with several MOF - related «firsts,» including integration with MEMS devices, measurement of mechanical properties, catalytic nanoreactors for hydrogen storage, and luminescent MOFs for radiation detection.

The work is an estimate of the global average based on a single - column, time - average model of the atmosphere and surface (with some approximations — e.g. the surface is not truly a perfect blackbody in the LW (long - wave) portion of the spectrum (the wavelengths dominated by terrestrial / atmospheric emission, as opposed to SW radiation, dominated by solar radiation), but it can give you a pretty good idea of things (fig 1 shows a spectrum of radiation to space); there is also some comparison to actual measurements.

Recent accurate laboratory measurements of the absorption in the CO2 band by CLOUD (1952) were used to calculate the radiation flux in the atmosphere with the aid of the MIDAC high speed digital computor.»

The accuracy of RRTMG is verified through comparison to AER's reference radiation code LBLRTM, which is directly validated with atmospheric measurements provided by high - quality spectral measurements from satellite -, aircraft - and ground - based instruments.

The logarithmic relationship was first posited by Svante Arrhenius in 1896, based on measurements of infrared radiation from the full moon obtained with the Langley bolometer.

Ok, so we aren't quite there with measuring the radiation budget; for now, just look at relative rather than absolute measurement.

Please show where I have relied on «computer models with an almost 100 % fail rate» for measurements of back radiation.

Finally, a small surface radiation and ceilometer system was deployed at the PNG Lombrum Naval Base about 6 km away from the Manus ARM site in order to provide some documentation of scale variability with respect to the representativeness of the ARM measurements.

AGW is a hypothesis that makes sense, namely: — GHGs absorb outgoing radiation, thereby contributing to warming (GH theory)-- CO2 is a GHG (as is water vapor plus some minor GHGs)-- CO2 concentrations have risen (mostly since measurements started in Mauna Loa in 1959)-- global temperature has risen since 1850 (in ~ 30 - year warming cycles with ~ 30 - year cycles of slight cooling in between)-- humans emit CO2 and other GHGs — ergo, human GHG emissions have very likely been a major contributor to higher GHG concentrations, very likely contributing to the observed warming

You've been a little vague about why it was «physically impossible» — it seems you believe that because it is not in concert with satellite measurements of the Earth's radiation budget.

Temperatures aloft can be measured in a number of ways, two of which are useful for climate monitoring: by radiosondes (balloon - borne instrument packages, including thermometers, released daily or twice daily at a network of observing stations throughout the world), and by satellite measurements of microwave radiation emitted by oxygen gas in the lower to mid-troposphere, taken with an instrument known as the Microwave Sounding Unit (MSU).5 The balloon measurements are taken at the same Greenwich mean times each day, whereas the times of day of the satellite measurements for a given location drift slowly with changes in the satellite orbits.

In Chapter 5 there are steady state measurements of Ar / N2, CO2 / N2 and O2 / N2; along with photosynthetic radiation flux.

«Our results demonstrate how synergistic use of satellite TOA radiation observations and recently improved ocean heat content measurements, with appropriate error estimates, provide critical data for quantifying short - term and longer - term changes in the Earth's net TOA radiation imbalance.

Part Six — Visualization — where you can see the model results of downward longwave radiation in a known temperature / humidity profile through the atmosphere compared with the actual measurements of downward longwave radiation.

The SST of the periode mentioned as tuning parameter seems to be much more plausibely than the TOA - imbalance which is not directly observable at all also with the sofisticatest recent technonolgies, see http://journals.ametsoc.org/doi/abs/10.1175/JAMC-D-16-0406.1 «Uncertainties in absolute calibration and the algorithms used to determine Earth's radiation budget from satellite measurements are too large to enable Earth's energy imbalance to be quantified in an absolute sense.»

There are no direct measurements of solar radiation on climatological time scales, but a variety of circumstantial evidence suggests that longer - term variations do occur, perhaps with larger amplitudes than those found in the two most recent eleven - year Schwabe cycles.

With these measurements, the role of solar radiation and wind speed could be treated as separate entities, so that when these two phenomena occur at different times of day — as they do over the Dead Sea, which is windy and dark at night but calm and sunny during the day — it is possible to determine their individual impacts on evaporation.

The evidence here comes from satellite measurements of infrared radiation escaping from the earth into outer space, from measurements of sunlight reflected from clouds and from measurements of the temperature the earth's surface or of the troposphere, the roughly 10 km thick layer of the atmosphere above the earth's surface that is filled with churning air and clouds, heated from below at the earth's surface, and cooled at the top by radiation into space.

When partnered with cloud remote sensing observations the radiation measurements and retrievals allow the characterization of cloud and aerosol radiative effects at the surface, which is essential in order to quantify the amount of radiative energy available at the surface to interact with heating the air, evaporating water, and interacting with clouds and greenhouse gasses in the atmosphere.

His research has been closely aligned with the development of increasingly sophisticated satellite platform measurements, such as the terrestrial radiation budget, ozone and weather - related data, and the need for increasingly sophisticated atmospheric models to assess and evaluate the information content and utility of these measurements.

The device is indeed measuring radiation, then combining this measurement with others to calculate a temperature for the object.

staff showed me a lot of measurements he had made with the pyranometer of the sky radiation from a narrow zone just outside the sun.

The demanifesting of ERBS, which was to have had the same performance specifications as CERES but updated components, means that Earth radiation budget measurements will terminate with the CERES measurements on Aqua.

Persistent small climate changes are difficult to detect within the diurnal, regional, and seasonal variance of Earth's reflected (shortwave) and emitted (longwave) energy — hence a continuous long - term (decades) record of Earth's radiation budget (ERB) is needed to identify subtle long - term shifts related to climate change.4 With the demanifesting of TSIS and ERBS from NPOESS, ERB measurements will end with the last CERES on Aqua (or perhaps NPP, pending addition of CERES FM - 5 onto NPP), the TIM record will end with Glory, and the SIM record with SOWith the demanifesting of TSIS and ERBS from NPOESS, ERB measurements will end with the last CERES on Aqua (or perhaps NPP, pending addition of CERES FM - 5 onto NPP), the TIM record will end with Glory, and the SIM record with SOwith the last CERES on Aqua (or perhaps NPP, pending addition of CERES FM - 5 onto NPP), the TIM record will end with Glory, and the SIM record with SOwith Glory, and the SIM record with SOwith SORCE.

This had to do with the measurement of diffuse solar radiation.

This study uses satellite radiation budget measurements along with satellite microwave sea ice data to document the Arctic - wide decrease in planetary albedo and its amplifying effect on the warming.

I have also noted from my experience with heat transfer measurement and calculation that at low surface temperatures (less than 50C) convection is more important than radiation.

I asked whether direct measurements of radiation coming and radiation going out were good enough to come up with the balance 0.85 W / m2 by which the globe ought to be warming according to Hansen.