«It provides the State
with sea level rise projections based on best scientific understanding to ensure that infrastructure is sited and designed in a manner that will avoid or minimize future loss or damage.»
Not exact matches
«There's a lot of ambiguity in post-2050
projections of
sea -
level rise and we may have to live
with that for a while,» said Robert E. Kopp, the study's lead author and a professor in the Department of Earth and Planetary Sciences at Rutgers.
Published this week in Nature Climate Change, the initial study finds that embankments constructed since the 1960s are primarily to blame for lower land elevations along the Ganges - Brahmaputra River Delta,
with some areas experiencing more than twice the rate of the most worrisome
sea -
level rise projections from the United Nations» Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change.
Considering that existing climate models typically do not consider northeast Greenland
with future
sea -
level projections, the findings suggest that
sea -
level rise estimates may err on the high side, close to 3 feet or higher, said Khan.
Dumont says the new darkening effect could easily add 2 centimeters to the
projections of
sea level rise by 2100 — and perhaps more if impurity
levels grow
with time.
Current
projections of global
sea level rise do not account for the complicated behavior of these giant ice slabs as they interact
with the atmosphere, the ocean and the land.
Our new study links a framework for global and local
sea -
level rise projections with simulations of two major mechanisms by which climate change can affect t...
This study links a framework for global and local
sea -
level rise projections with simulations of two major mechanisms by which climate change can affect the vast Antarctic ice sheet.
Their central
projections indicate global
sea -
level rise between 0.7 m and 1.2 m until 2300
with Paris put fully into practice.
Between 1901 and 2010, global
sea levels rose by 0.19 ± 0.02 m, albeit at varying rates and spatial distribution (Church et al. 2013)-- these past values (including their uncertainty) are potentially much smaller than those associated
with future
projections.
Past rates of change, if used wisely, provide potential constraints of future
projections, together
with the many semi-empirical approaches to project future
sea -
level rise (e.g. Rahmstorf, 2007) which are typically greater in magnitude than those from process based models.
Odd — the words ``... Previous
projections of 20 feet or more of
sea level rise by the end of the century...» appear twice — attributed both to a phone call
with the author by the science news writer, and in direct quotes in the official press release.
A second problem
with the above range is that the models used to derive this
projection significantly underestimate past
sea level rise.
that
sea level has
risen 150 meters in the last 8000 years, so their
projection of a 7.2 meter
rise, which they acknowledge would take 50,000 years
with a 2 °C warmer world, is more than enough time to move to higher ground.
If the models were forced to run
with a lower sensitivity to carbon dioxide emissions, their
sea level rise projections would decline proportionally, down to about 13 inches.
And further still
with: «Recent research, presented at the Copenhagen climate congress in March 2009, projected
sea -
level rise from 75 centimetres to 190 centimetres relative to 1990,
with 110 — 120 centimetres the mid-range of the
projection.
The IPCC
projections of
sea level rise are based largely on the slow, steady and inexorable thermal expansion of the oceans (as water heats, its volume increases)
with some additional contributions from the melting of mountain glaciers (almost all of which are expected to be gone by mid century).
The global average
sea level has already
risen by about eight inches since 1901,
with up to another two and a half feet of
sea level rise possible by 2100, according to the most recent
projections from the U.N. Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change.
A fundamental contradiction emerges from the IPCC 4th Report, where its projected
sea level rise of 18 — 59 cm by 2100 can in no way be reconciled
with its temperature
rise projection of 1.8 — 6.4 degrees C by 2100.
Paleo - climate studies by Glikson and Brook (in prep) indicate
sea level rise rates of well over 5 metres per 1 degree C, consistent
with these
projections.
Given the increased
levels of certainty regarding human - induced global warming (from 90 to 95 %), more robust
projections on
sea -
level rise and data on melting of ice sheets, and the «carbon budget» for staying below the 2 °C target, the WGI conclusions together
with other AR5 component reports are likely to put more pressure on the UNFCCC parties to deliver by 2015 an ambitious agreement that is capable of preventing dangerous anthropogenic interference
with the climate system.
Here we provide probabilistic
sea level rise projections for the global coastline
with warming above the 2 °C goal.
Model
projections of the IPCC SRES scenarios give a global mean
sea -
level rise of 0.09 to 0.88 m by 2100,
with sea level rising at rates circa 2 to 4 times faster than those of the present day (EEA, 2004b; Meehl et al., 2007).
In answer to the issues Stamatis Kavvadias brings up: Lomborg is comparing the IPCC's latest
projection on
sea -
level rise to a figure that «many environmental activists, and even some media outlets, bandy about,»
with a link merely to his Facebook page as a citation.
However, cutting emissions significantly affects the role these processes play:
Sea level rise projections for a low - emissions scenario, consistent
with the goals of the Paris Agreement, are close to unchanged by the inclusion of these mechanisms.
This study links a framework for global and local
sea -
level rise projections with simulations of two major mechanisms by which climate change can affect the vast Antarctic ice sheet.
All such
projections involve assumptions about the future that can not be tested, so the authors spread their bets: they considered a range of scenarios involving crude population growth,
levels of economic growth
with time, and a series of predictions of
sea level rise, as icecaps and glaciers melt, and as the oceans warm and expand according to predictable physical laws.
The new study prompted a lapse into Ciceronian prose from the New York Times and an instant revision to
sea level rise projection maps for coastal cities worldwide,
with many observers noting that, at current effort
levels, humanity is veering dangerously close to the worst - case scenario.
According to a recent report from Climate Central, Texas has just over 100 cities and towns that are threatened by
sea level rise inundation as correlated
with current
projections relating to greenhouse gas emissions.
While future
projections of
sea level rise and flooding are important to help
with proactive planning, the data from the past 10 years provides the most compelling need to curb climate change to mitigate a dire future.
Rahmstorf told IRIN, «It is remarkable that IPCC has now come to its much higher
sea level rise projections with their preferred method, independently of the semi-empirical models.
As Unnikrishnan, chief scientist of the National Institute of Oceanography, Goa, said policymakers would have to rely on the global
sea level rise projections to draw up their strategies to deal
with the emerging scenarios.
The results, published last year in Nature Geoscience, had been roughly consistent
with projections by the International Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) which in its 2007 report gave a range of 18 - 59 centimetres
sea level rise by 2100.
Recent research, presented at the Copenhagen climate congress in March 2009, projected
sea -
level rise from 75 centimetres to 190 centimetres relative to 1990,
with 110 — 120 centimetres the mid-range of the
projection.
Projections for
sea level rise in New York City increase from 11 inches to 21 inches by the 2050s, 18 inches to 39 inches by the 2080s, and, 22 inches to 50 inches,
with the worst case of up to six feet, by 2100.
However, the accelerated retreat of glaciers, combined
with greater melting of these ice sheets, suggest that earlier
projections of
sea -
level rise over the next century — such as in the 2007 report of the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change — are conservative.8, 9
European ports and estuary cities are at risk
with projections of
sea level rise of half a metre, and US coastal cities could one day face almost daily challenges at high tide.
Climate Central's new website «Surging
Seas: Stakes
Rising» provides maps of flooding associated
with the study's local
sea -
level rise projections.
IPCC
projections are consistent
with our understanding of the time scale of the ice - albedo feedback and equilibrium change in
sea level rise due to paleo climate data.
I concluded that the
projections of extreme
sea level rise are not consistent
with plausible physical mechanisms, not supported by the available data, and further, that the AR4 projected range (about 30 - 50 cm by 2100) agreed perfectly
with my
projections over a wide range of warming scenarios.
Such solecisms throughout the IPCC's assessment reports (including the insertion, after the scientists had completed their final draft, of a table in which four decimal points had been right - shifted so as to multiply tenfold the observed contribution of ice - sheets and glaciers to
sea -
level rise), combined
with a heavy reliance upon computer models unskilled even in short - term
projection,
with initial values of key variables unmeasurable and unknown,
with advancement of multiple, untestable, non-Popper-falsifiable theories,
with a quantitative assignment of unduly high statistical confidence
levels to non-quantitative statements that are ineluctably subject to very large uncertainties, and, above all,
with the now - prolonged failure of TS to
rise as predicted (Figures 1, 2), raise questions about the reliability and hence policy - relevance of the IPCC's central
projections.
Coupled
with the average climate - change — driven rate of
sea level rise over these same 25 y of 2.9 mm / y, simple extrapolation of the quadratic implies global mean
sea level could
rise 65 ± 12 cm by 2100 compared
with 2005, roughly in agreement
with the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) 5th Assessment Report (AR5) model
projections.