The investigated gene variants are present in around 1/3 of the population, so they are common variants
with small effect size.
However, the researchers say that their results show clearly that more illness - linked common
variants with small effects will be discovered with the greater statistical power that comes with larger sample sizes.
«When breeders make crosses between diverse varieties, they produce new combinations of
genes with small effects,» he explains.
This reduction was significant with an approaching medium effect size at 2 - month follow - up, and
with a small effect at 1 - year follow - up.
The central dilemma of climate engineering, as I see it, is that we must choose between safe
strategies with small effects and dangerous strategies with large effects.
Parents» stress about their competence in parenting (PSI - C) significantly decreased at posttest, 2 - month, and 1 - year follow -
up with a small effect size.
«Warming over the past 100 years is consistent with high climate sensitivity to atmospheric carbon dioxide combined with a large cooling effect from short - lived aerosol pollutants, but it could equally be attributed to a low climate sensitivity coupled
with a small effect from aerosols.
And, even
with small effects on the non-poor, shouldn't we have seen fairly dramatic improvements in overall educational and labor market outcomes?
Finding genes
with small effects requires that a lot of people be studied, Paternoster points out, and that could be hard to do because there aren't many studies where DNA was collected and MRIs were done.
«We believe that RS - based SNP prioritization may provide guidance for more targeted and powered approach to detecting the disease - associated
SNPs with small effect size,» he concluded.
The normal greenhouse effect which keeps the earth warm enough forlife is caused largely by water vapour,
with a small effect fromcarbon dioxide and methane.
The evidence base suggests that while Responding in Peaceful and Positive Ways (RIPP) showed promising results with urban African American school children (see Study 1), the program showed inconsistent
results with small effect sizes when administered to schools in a rural setting with majority white schoolchildren (see Study 2).
Notably, the typically developing classmates also showed improved peer sociometric functioning in the MOSAIC condition relative to in the comparison condition,
albeit with smaller effect sizes than did the children with ADHD [73].
Parents» attention problems were significantly reduced at posttest and 2 - month follow -
up with a small effect.
«Shared
variants with smaller effects, rare variants, mutations, duplications, deletions, and gene - environment interactions also contribute to these illnesses.»
The treatment group scored significantly higher than the control group in reading comprehension,
with a small effect size of 0.11.
The same result was found,
with smaller effects, for violence in fight scenes,» Davies writes.
More analyses will be needed to detect risk variants
with smaller effects, or ultra-rare variants.
An alternative theory proposed that many inherited variations,
each with a small effect, might, in the right combination, explain how and why children develop the disorder.
But you can find one
with a smaller effect (the 3rd one is minimal to none).
Perceived stress of parents (PSS) was reduced at posttest and 2 - month follow - up
with a small effect.
Parents» externalizing problems were also decreased at posttest
with a small effect, at 2 - month follow - up with a medium effect, and at 1 - year follow - up with a small effect.
Further, there was a significant reduction of the parental inattention and hyperactivity / impulsivity symptoms on the ARS,
with small effect sizes (ES =.36 and.48 respectively).
No other significant differences were found between 6 and 12 months follow - up,
with small effect sizes indicating that the significant post-intervention changes in child and parenting measures were maintained.
The results indicate that parents of preterm - born children experience only slightly more stress than parents of term - born children,
with small effect sizes.