Decision science shows that human decision - making is fraught
with systematic biases that lead to suboptimal decisions in all contexts.
Kent points out many confounding factors even in the intake temp, so it is going to be difficult to come up
with a systematic bias adjustment (therefore 0C might be a good guess).
We both know that this result is precisely what happens when homog is applied to a dataset
with a systematic bias.
Not exact matches
Charging U.S. news agencies
with intentional
bias and
systematic distortion, Rafael Caldera, former President of Venezuela, said: «Perhaps the phrase «no news is good news «has become «good news is no news.
It does occur frequently enough that vote recounts are common, sometimes
with noticeable discrepancies which suggest a
systematic bias with some individual counters» perceptions.
The researchers also uncovered a
systematic bias against women
with elite doctorates, who slid further down the hierarchy in their faculty jobs compared
with men from the same institutions.
What is unclear is whether that abundance reflects the frequency
with which co-option occurs in nature or whether it is the result of ascertainment
bias (
systematic sampling errors introduced by how biologists study evo - devo).
The most important
bias in the U.S. temperature record occurred
with the
systematic change in observing times from the afternoon, when it is warm, to morning, when it is cooler.
Ocean coverage by floats reached 90 % by 2005 [66],
with the gaps mainly in sea ice regions, yielding the potential for an accurate energy balance assessment, provided that several
systematic measurement
biases exposed in the past decade are minimized [67]--[69].
Beyond relying on objective evidence,
systematic approaches isolate trades from the psychological
biases, internal politics, and other personal and organizational stresses that too often interfere
with executing sound investment strategy.
Problems
with «data» abound; due to spatially and temporally inhomogeneous networks, changing
systematic biases, incorrect interpretations of proxy data, inappropriate interpolations, calibration drifts, etc..
Here BEST provide a large loophole, as they warn that their methods will not cope
with «large scale
systematic biases»:
With sufficient time, the random fluctuations are likely to cancel, and systematic biases will not affect the anomaly calculations unless the biases change with t
With sufficient time, the random fluctuations are likely to cancel, and
systematic biases will not affect the anomaly calculations unless the
biases change
with t
with time.
The most important
bias in the U.S. temperature record occurred
with the
systematic change in observing times from the afternoon, when it is warm, to morning, when it is cooler.
From what I read above we appear to have a «
systematic»
bias with respect to sampling... one way or the other.
In Phase II of AeroCom, a large - scale model intercomparison was performed to document the current state of OA modeling in the global troposphere, evaluate the OA simulations by comparison
with observations, identify weaknesses that still exist in models, explain the agreements and disagreements between models and observations, and attempt to identify and analyze potential
systematic biases in the models.
I want to point out that all of the surface data sets over land suffer from i) a
systematic warm
bias associated
with using minimum temperatures in the construction of trends and I) in blending non-spatially representative sites
with good sites.
Ocean coverage by floats reached 90 % by 2005 [66],
with the gaps mainly in sea ice regions, yielding the potential for an accurate energy balance assessment, provided that several
systematic measurement
biases exposed in the past decade are minimized [67]--[69].
These methods were used to show that the standard RCS method produces series of tree indices
with systematic age and diameter related
biases which can seriously distort the modern end of resultant chronologies.