Going after the DNA
with zinc fingers means targeting the known cause of the disease.
In that case, six patients suspended antiretroviral therapy for 12 weeks after infusion
with zinc finger nuclease — altered CD4 cells.
Experimenting
with zinc finger nucleases...
Swapping the DNA binding domain of another telomeric protein, TRF2,
with the zinc finger domains of TZAP showed that the TZAP zinc finger domains were sufficient to localize TRF2 to telomeres.
Not exact matches
Announced a worldwide collaboration
with Sangamo Therapeutics, Inc. (Sangamo) using Sangamo's
zinc finger nuclease technology platform for the development of next - generation ex vivo cell therapies in oncology.
These risks and uncertainties include: Gilead's ability to achieve its anticipated full year 2018 financial results; Gilead's ability to sustain growth in revenues for its antiviral and other programs; the risk that private and public payers may be reluctant to provide, or continue to provide, coverage or reimbursement for new products, including Vosevi, Yescarta, Epclusa, Harvoni, Genvoya, Odefsey, Descovy, Biktarvy and Vemlidy ®; austerity measures in European countries that may increase the amount of discount required on Gilead's products; an increase in discounts, chargebacks and rebates due to ongoing contracts and future negotiations
with commercial and government payers; a larger than anticipated shift in payer mix to more highly discounted payer segments and geographic regions and decreases in treatment duration; availability of funding for state AIDS Drug Assistance Programs (ADAPs); continued fluctuations in ADAP purchases driven by federal and state grant cycles which may not mirror patient demand and may cause fluctuations in Gilead's earnings; market share and price erosion caused by the introduction of generic versions of Viread and Truvada, an uncertain global macroeconomic environment; and potential amendments to the Affordable Care Act or other government action that could have the effect of lowering prices or reducing the number of insured patients; the possibility of unfavorable results from clinical trials involving investigational compounds; Gilead's ability to initiate clinical trials in its currently anticipated timeframes; the levels of inventory held by wholesalers and retailers which may cause fluctuations in Gilead's earnings; Kite's ability to develop and commercialize cell therapies utilizing the
zinc finger nuclease technology platform and realize the benefits of the Sangamo partnership; Gilead's ability to submit new drug applications for new product candidates in the timelines currently anticipated; Gilead's ability to receive regulatory approvals in a timely manner or at all, for new and current products, including Biktarvy; Gilead's ability to successfully commercialize its products, including Biktarvy; the risk that physicians and patients may not see advantages of these products over other therapies and may therefore be reluctant to prescribe the products; Gilead's ability to successfully develop its hematology / oncology and inflammation / respiratory programs; safety and efficacy data from clinical studies may not warrant further development of Gilead's product candidates, including GS - 9620 and Yescarta in combination
with Pfizer's utomilumab; Gilead's ability to pay dividends or complete its share repurchase program due to changes in its stock price, corporate or other market conditions; fluctuations in the foreign exchange rate of the U.S. dollar that may cause an unfavorable foreign currency exchange impact on Gilead's future revenues and pre-tax earnings; and other risks identified from time to time in Gilead's reports filed
with the U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission (the SEC).
Osmosis has re-defined the standard for DNA repair technology
with their parented
Zinc Finger Technology.
Her research team placed the evolutionarily conserved castor (Cas) gene, which encodes a
zinc finger protein, in a genetic circuit
with two other evolutionarily conserved genes, hedgehog (Hh) and eyes absent (Eya), to determine the fates of specific cell progeny (daughters).
Meanwhile, Cellectis announced it now has «an umbrella patent» that its CEO, Andre Choulika, says «covers most of the gene editing procedures done
with a nuclease,» including those based on CRISPR - Cas 9, TALENs,
zinc fingers, and many meganucleases.
In the study, the researchers gave a single injection of
zinc finger to 12 mice
with Huntingdon's disease.
Last year, researchers targeted and destroyed this gene in the T - cells of 12 people
with HIV using custom - made proteins called
zinc finger nucleases.
(A) A CXCR4 - specific ZFN pair was generated, comprised of two DNA - binding
zinc finger proteins (ZFPs) each fused
with a FokI endonuclease monomer.
Citation: Wilen CB, Wang J, Tilton JC, Miller JC, Kim KA, Rebar EJ, et al. (2011) Engineering HIV - Resistant Human CD4 + T Cells
with CXCR4 - Specific
Zinc -
Finger Nucleases.
They gave the mice a single injection into the brain, containing virus particles packed
with DNA instructions making the
zinc finger drug.
What's more, these synthetic
zinc finger molecules can be tweaked and packaged
with other drugs, to produce multi-purpose DNA - binding tools that can stick, slice, glue and block.
Now, two independent reports of success in HD mice have given a boost to «
zinc finger» drugs - which interact directly
with the HD gene itself.
When
zinc hooks up
with a gene - controlling protein, it forms «
zinc finger proteins» - so called because they can poke into the tight groove between the two strands of DNA and touch the sequence they're made for.
A unique sequence in the N - terminal regulatory region controls the nuclear localization of KLF8 by cooperating
with the C - terminal
zinc -
fingers.
Working
with proteins called
zinc finger nucleases and TALENs, Zhang attempted to edit the genomes of mammalian cells
with a view to engineering them.
A
zinc -
finger transcriptional activator designed to interact
with the γ - globin gene promoters enhances fetal hemoglobin production in primary human adult erythroblasts.
With the genome engineering revolution came epigenome - engineering tools -
zinc finger nucleases and TALENs fused to epigenetic modifiers enabled epigenetic modifications at a user - specified locus.
Both technologies have been around for longer than CRISPR has,
with zinc -
finger - based editing being in the works for more than two decades.
«There are still some unresolved problems
with the so - called
zinc -
finger method,» says postdoctoral researcher and co-first author Guang - Hui Liu.
In the past, researchers have attempted to do this
with gene editing tools like
zinc fingers nucleases, but the process was too labor - intensive to be used on a large scale.
Ultimately this will include the expanding repertoire of advanced technologies such as clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeats (CRISPR), CRISPR - associated protein 9 (Cas9), and
zinc -
finger nucleases (ZFNs)(46) along
with the new clinical indications and markets that they address.
Here we report eight subjects from six families
with predicted loss of function variants in ZNF462, a
zinc -
finger protein of unknown function.