Sentences with phrase «worker bees exposed»

Tsvetkov and her colleagues found that worker bees exposed to neonicotinoids exhibited lower life expectancies, by up to 23 percent.

Not exact matches

These results seem to argue against the possibility that Acks induction in the brains of workers involved in the formation of a hot defensive bee ball or heat - exposed workers represents mere «heat shock response».

This Acks signal distribution pattern in the brains of workers exposed to heat well resembles that observed in the brains of workers involved in the formation of the hot defensive bee ball (Figure 4, Figure S3, and Figure S4).

In the brains of heat - exposed bees, the dotted Acks signals were detected most densely in the Class II KCs (D and G) and moderately in the restricted area between the DLs and OLs (J), and much less densely in the Class I KCs (A), whereas there was some decrease in the Acks signals in the Class II KCs of antennae - deprived and heat - exposed workers (E and H).

Quantitative RT - PCR using RNAs extracted from brain, thorax and abdomen of workers revealed that statistically significant and prominent Acks induction was observed only in the brain when the bees were exposed to high temperature, and scarce Acks expression was detected in the thorax and abdomen under both room and high temperatures (Figure 5O), further supporting that Acks induction under a high temperature reflects neural activity and does not result from some «heat shock responses» that could occur independently of neural activity.

In addition, workers exposed to 46 °C heat also exhibited Acks expression patterns similar to those observed in the brains of workers involved in the formation of a hot defensive bee ball, suggesting that the neural activity observed in the brains of workers involved in the hot defensive bee ball mainly reflects thermal stimuli processing.

During the formation of a hot defensive bee ball, the Japanese honeybee workers are exposed to high temperature typically around 47 °C [6].

We expected that Acks signals detected at 0 min (in bee ball formation experiment) or in control bees (in heat - exposure and IAA - exposure experiments) would reflect background level neural activity and the neural activity in the workers forming a bee ball, heat - exposed or IAA - exposed workers could be considerably increased.

Interestingly, the Acks distribution patterns observed in the brains of workers involved in the bee ball formation were clearly mimicked by those observed in the brains of heat - exposed workers but not by those observed in IAA - exposed workers (Figure 5).