Thirteen years of GRACE data provide an excellent picture of the current mass changes of Greenland and Antarctica, with mass loss in the GRACE period 2002 - 15 amounting to 265 ± 25 GT / yr for Greenland (including peripheral ice caps), and 95 ± 50 GT / year for Antarctica, corresponding to 0.72 mm / year and 0.26 mm /
year average global sea level change.
Not exact matches
We have much better — and more conclusive — evidence for climate change from more boring sources like
global temperature
averages, or the extent of
global sea ice, or thousands of
years» worth of C02
levels stored frozen in ice cores.
The team found that results from the two methods roughly matched and showed that Greenland is losing enough ice to contribute on
average 0.46 millimetres per
year to
global sea -
level rise.
Global average sea level has risen by roughly 0.11 inch (3 millimeters) per
year since 1993 due to a combination of water expanding as it warms and melting ice sheets.
Since the 19th century,
sea level has shot up more than 2 millimeters per
year on
average, far faster than other periods of
global temperature change.
Third, using a «semi-empirical» statistical model calibrated to the relationship between temperature and
global sea -
level change over the last 2000
years, we find that, in alternative histories in which the 20th century did not exceed the
average temperature over 500-1800 CE,
global sea -
level rise in the 20th century would (with > 95 % probability) have been less than 51 % of its observed value.
Take South Florida, where, a few
years back, the rate of
sea level rise shot up from close to the
global average to something much higher.
«These new results indicate that relative
sea levels in New Zealand have been rising at an
average rate of 1.6 mm / yr over the last 100
years — a figure that is not only within the error bounds of the original determination, but when corrected for glacial - isostatic effects has a high
level of coherency with other regional and
global sea level rise determinations.
Current
sea level rise underestimated: Satellites show recent
global average sea level rise (3.4 millimeters per
year over the past 15
years) to be around 80 percent above past I.P.C.C. predictions.
On
average, the world's glaciers and ice caps lost enough water between 1961 and 1990 to raise
global sea levels by 0.35 - 0.4 mm each
year.
According to Professor Nils - Axel Mörner, who has written more than 600 learned papers in his 50 -
year career studying
sea level,
global average sea level may not be rising at all at the moment.
Global average sea level was likely between 4 and 6 m higher during the last interglacial period, about 125,000
years ago, than during the 20th century, mainly due to the retreat of polar ice -LRB-
Global average sea level was likely between 4 and 6 m higher during the last interglacial period, about 125,000
years ago, than during the 20th century, mainly due to the retreat of polar ice (Figure TS.21).
Over the past 100
years, as the planet continues to heat up,
global average sea levels have risen nearly 7 inches.
Climate scientists have been able to close the
sea level «budget» by accounting for the various factors that are causing
average global sea levels to rise at the measured rate of about 3.2 millimeters per
year since 1992 (when altimeters were launched into space to truly measure
global sea level).
Looking deeper in time,
global climate was an
average of 2 to 3 degrees warmer than at present some 3 million
years ago, and
sea levels were 35 ± 18 m above the shoreline of today.
Fourth Assessment Report (2007):
Global average sea level rose at an
average rate of 1.8 [1.3 to 2.3] mm per
year over 1961 to 2003.
Global average sea level rose at an
average rate of 1.8 [1.3 to 2.3] mm per
year over 1961 to 2003.
For instance, it found that for the
year 2040 on the worst - case emissions pathway, the
global average sea -
level rise would be 0.2 meters (0.65 feet), but «more than 90 percent of coastal areas will experience
sea level rise exceeding the
global estimate.»
Global sea level each
year since 1993 compared to the 1993 - 2013
average (dashed line).
Global average sea levels have risen by around 3.2 mm per
year since satellite measurements began in 1993, the report says, with
sea levels around 67 mm higher in 2014 than they were in 1993.
Both the observations of mass balance and the estimates based on temperature changes (Table 11.4) indicate a reduction of mass of glaciers and ice caps in the recent past, giving a contribution to
global -
average sea level of 0.2 to 0.4 mm / yr over the last hundred
years.
Global atmospheric carbon dioxide concentrations have now passed 400 parts per million (ppm), a level that last occurred about 3 million years ago, when both global average temperature and sea level were significantly higher than
Global atmospheric carbon dioxide concentrations have now passed 400 parts per million (ppm), a
level that last occurred about 3 million
years ago, when both
global average temperature and sea level were significantly higher than
global average temperature and
sea level were significantly higher than today.
Global average sea level is expected to continue to rise by at least several inches in the next 15
years and by 1 — 4 feet by 2100.
What the report said, according to Koonin, was» The report ominously notes that while
global sea level rose an
average 0.05 inch a
year during most of the 20th century, it has risen at about twice that rate since 1993.»
So how does Mörner explain the
global sea level rise record, in which both satellite altimeters and tide gauges show
average global sea level rise on the order of 3 mm per
year (Figure 1)?
Obviously this conspiracy theory is utterly absurd, and is easily disproven by simply examining the IPCC Third Assessment Report (TAR) published in 2001, two
years before Mörner's accusation of falsified
sea level data, which shows an approximately 10 to 15 mm rise in
average global sea level from 1993 to 1998 (Figure 3).
By 2100,
global average sea level rise could be as low as 25 cms, or as high as 123 cms; between 0.2 % and 4.6 % of the world's population could be affected by flooding each
year; and losses could be as low as 0.3 % or as high as 9.3 % of
global gross domestic product.
Coastal cities in the United States could experience an
average of 30 days of flooding each
year due to
sea level rise driven by
global warming, the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA) warns.
A convention has then been applied for the whole time series so that the
averaged global mean
sea level during the
year 1993 is set to zero.
Accounting for the TOPEX - A instrumental correction for the first 6
years of the altimetry data set, these studies provided a revised
global mean
sea level time series that slightly reduces the
average GMSL rise over the altimetry era (from 3.3 mm / yr to 3.0 mm / yr) but shows clear acceleration over 1993 - present.
[4] Between 1870 and 2004,
global average sea levels rose 195 mm (7.7 in), 1.46 mm (0.057 in) per
year.
As I understand this, on
average sea levels have accelerated 0.02 + / - 0.01 mm
year over 202
years or 4.04 mm in total added to
global sea levels.
- Arctic
sea level ice will be below average again this year - Sea level rise has slowed... temporarily - NASA talks global warming - Our ice is disappearing - Dramatic glacial retreat caught by NASA satellite - Case closed: «ClimateGate» was manufactu
sea level ice will be below
average again this
year -
Sea level rise has slowed... temporarily - NASA talks global warming - Our ice is disappearing - Dramatic glacial retreat caught by NASA satellite - Case closed: «ClimateGate» was manufactu
Sea level rise has slowed... temporarily - NASA talks
global warming - Our ice is disappearing - Dramatic glacial retreat caught by NASA satellite - Case closed: «ClimateGate» was manufactured
During the last interglacial about 125,000
years ago, when
global average temperatures were not substantially warmer than at present,
sea level was 4 - 6 meters (about 13 to 20 feet) higher than at present.
In 2007, IPCC notes «
Global average sea level rose at an
average rate of 1.8 [1.3 to 2.3] mm per
year over 1961 to 2003.
Global average sea levels have risen roughly 19 centimeters (7.5 inches) since the 19th century, after 2,000
years of relatively little change.
FIGURE 2.5 Co-variation of
sea level with
global average temperature in the geologic past, compared with the IPCC forecast for
sea level rise by the
year 2100.
Statistically significant trends obtained from records longer than 40
years yielded
sea -
level - rise estimates between 1.06 — 1.75 mm / yrear - 1, with a regional
average of 1.29 mm yr - 1, when corrected for
global isostatic adjustment (GIA) using model data, with a regional
average of 1.29 mm - 1..
For example, the melting of the Greenland ice sheet broke previous records in 2002, 2005, and 2007, and seasonal melting from 1996 to 2007 was above
average compared with the 1973 - 2007 period.10, 11 The melting of the Greenland ice sheet contributed around 0.02 inch (0.6 millimeter) to
global sea -
level rise in 2005 — more than double the 1996 contribution.4 From 1993 to 2003 the
average rate of
sea -
level rise increased to about 0.12 inches (3.1 millimeters) per
year.12 That means that in 2005 Greenland could have contributed 19 percent of the
average annual
global sea level rise rate.
But since then
sea -
level has risen there at 1 1/2 mm /
year (approximately equal to the
global average rate):
The net loss of billions of tons of ice a
year added about 11 millimeters — seven - sixteenths of an inch — to
global average sea levels between 1992 and 2011, about 20 % of the increase during that time, those researchers reported.
Based on geological data,
global average sea level may have risen at an
average rate of about 0.5 mm / yr over the last 6,000
years and at an
average rate of 0.1 — 0.2 mm / yr over the last 3,000
years.»
This could raise the
global average sea -
level by 7 metres over a period of 1,000
years or more.
Since 1990 the area has been experiencing
sea level rise of 2 - 3.7 mm per
year, whereas the
global average is 0.6 - 1 mm annually.
The exact speed with which these are going to contribute to
sea level rise is highly uncertain, the synthesis report says, but the best scientific estimate — based on observed correlation between
global average temperatures and
sea level rise over the past 120
years — shows that by 2100 we will experience
sea level rise of one meter or more.
In contrast,
global temperature in at least the past two decades is probably outside the Holocene range (7), as evidenced by the fact that the Greenland and Antarctic ice sheets are both losing mass rapidly (8, 9) and
sea level has been rising at a rate [3 m / millennium, (10); updates available at http://sealevel.colorado.edu/] well above the
average rate during the past several thousand
years.
For sixty
years, tide gauges have shown that
sea level in the Chesapeake is rising at twice the
global average rate and faster than elsewhere on the East Coast.
IPCC:
Global average sea level in the last interglacial (Eemian) period (130,000 - 111,000
years ago) was likely 13 to 20 feet (4 to 6 meters) higher than during the 20th century, mainly due to the retreat of polar ice.
Because a reduction in mass of 360 Gt /
year represents an annual
global -
average sea level rise of 1 mm, these estimates equate to an increase in
global -
average sea levels by 0.19 mm / yr.