Sentences with phrase «year time scales by»

We also obtain an empirical estimate of f = 2 - 4 for the fast feedback processes (water vapor, clouds, sea ice) operating on 10 - 100 year time scales by comparing the cooling due to slow or specified changes (land ice, CO2, vegetation) to the total cooling at 18K.

Not exact matches

Oct 30 (Reuters)- Hurricane Sandy appears to have easily caused more losses than last year's Hurricane Irene, but final totals will be hard to come by for some time because of the scale of the disaster, catastrophe forecasting companies said on Tuesday.

Of the small businesses that do form, their share of scale - ups (ability to grow and employ 50 + people by their 10th year of operation) has dropped from 2 % to 1.6 % since 1987, indicating that the businesses which do form have an increasingly difficult time growing and creating jobs.

Remarkable and significant as is the emergence of self - conscious persons by natural processes from the original «hot big bang» from which the universe has expanded over the last 10 - 20 thousand million years, this must not be allowed to obscure another fact about humanity, namely its relatively recent arrival in the universe, even on a time - scale of the history of the Earth.

The days (or the millennia) of every living form are by statistical reckoning ineluctably numbered; so much so that, using the scale of time furnished by the study of certain isotopes, it is beginning to be possible to calculate in millions of years the average life of a species.

Wenger still went out and paid 8M on him at a time when we needed strength and quality at the back, he told us in the summer he would rectify last years defensive frailties and this guy was to be one of the key signings, fact is, hes useless and always has been, as usual with Wenger his judgement was clouded by the fact that a player is French, it seems to be the thing that tips the scale with him in favour of some of these guys.

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During that time, an election of unprecedented scale outside of a General election year saw 129 Members of the Scottish Parliament, 60 Welsh Assembly Members, 108 Northern Ireland Assembly Members, 25 London Assembly Members, 4 Mayors, 40 Police and Crime Commissioners, 2 MPs in by - elections and 2,769 councillors, across 124 councils, elected.

While the atmosphere is mainly causing climate variations on shorter time scales, from months to years, the longer - term fluctuations, such as those on decadal time scales, are primarily determined by the ocean.

We highlight episodes of climate change that have disrupted ecosystems and trophic interactions over time scales ranging from years to millennia by changing species» relative abundances and geographic ranges, causing extinctions, and creating transient and novel communities dominated by generalist species and interactions.

The late Proterozoic — the time period beginning less than a billion years ago following this remarkable chapter of sustained low levels of oxygen — was strikingly different, marked by extreme climatic events manifest in global - scale glaciation, indications of at least intervals of modern - like oxygen abundances, and the emergence and diversification of the earliest animals.

Calculations showed that the time scale required to wait for a group of 10 photons would then be shortened by a whopping ten orders of magnitude: from years down to microseconds!

Scientific climate records typically only date back 150 years, so this research will have an impact on the Desert Southwest by showing what climate is capable of doing on a longer time scale.

Though rarefied by Earth standards, interstellar clouds like this one can enable complex chemical reactions over time scales of hundreds - of - thousands or even millions of years.

Simple biogeochemical flux modeling suggests that, if the Archean Earth was kept warm by a methane greenhouse, then the evolution of oxygenic photosynthesis could have triggered a Snowball Earth event on a time scale as short as about a million years (Kopp et al., 2005).

We are very impressed by Fred Kavli's design of these new awards, which span from the very grand scale of astrophysics to the microscopic level of nanotechnology, and to the level in between: the brain - no doubt the most complex organ created by the biological evolution over a very, very long time... billions of years.

At a time of year when the majority of resolutions have gone by the wayside, I'd like to offer a new one — one that doesn't look at numbers on a scale or in your bank account.

Because the performances of all students would continue to be reported on the current NAPLAN score scale, it would still be possible to calculate year level averages, to show how students perform in relation to their year group, and to identify levels of proficiency that, ideally, all students should reach by particular times in their schooling.

This assessment test (70 marks) incorporates a mental arithmetic test (30 marks) The topics assessed are: - Probability Percentages Speed, Distance, Time Conversion between fractions, decimals and percentages Fractions (problem solving) Algebra: gathering like terms, substitution, equations, multiplying out brackets, factorising Angles Transformations: translating, rotating, reflecting, enlargement by scale factor Graphs - correlation Easily utilised for a prep Enrichment in Year 6 Answers supplied

The initial set of waivers required states to link personnel decisions to test - based student growth by the 2015 - 2016 school year, but given that the tests that the Department of Education encouraged states to adopt won't be released at scale until 2014 - 2015, not even the Department of Education thought that a year would be enough time to work out the kinks.

Twenty - five years isn't a long time relative to the history of public and private schooling in the United States, but it is long enough to merit a close look at the charter - school movement today and how it compares to the one initially envisaged by many of its pioneers: an enterprise that aspired toward diversity in the populations of children served, the kinds of schools offered, the size and scale of those schools, and the background, culture, and race of the folks who ran them.

Table 221.30: Average National Assessment of Educational Progress (NAEP) reading scale score and percentage distribution of students, by age, amount of reading for school and for fun, and time spent on homework and watching TV / video: Selected years, 1984 through 2012.

But state PARCC testing is being scaled back compared to last year, with one 30 - day testing window planned and testing time reduced by 90 minutes for all students.

Scaling along the cliffs amid twenty - two acres of lush landscaped tropical gardens, InterContinental Samui Baan Taling Ngam Resort rises majestically over the beautiful Taling Ngam bay below.Situated on the unspoilt west coast of Koh Samui, it is a place of luxurious seclusion, with breathtaking crimson sunsets and spectacular views of the brilliantly blue Gulf of Thailand.Gaining legendary status over the years it is acclaimed by the New York Times No. 1 Best Seller 1,000 Places to See Before You Die.Recent accolades include, World Leading Luxury Resort, Asia Leading Luxury Resort, Asia Leading Honeymoon Resort and Thailands Leading Resort at the World Travel Awards 2013 and Best Luxury Hideaway Resort in Thailand at the World Luxury Hotel Awards 2013.

At the tail end of last year, Wargaming's then - new publishing label, Wargaming Alliance, announced it was picking up SEGA's Total War: ARENA, a «free - to - play, real time tactical strategy game featuring epic scale 10v10 multiplayer battles led by historical commanders from the past.»

- the game's shading mechanism has changed, which allows for increased gear texture quality - all graphical aspects and programming mechanisms have been built up from scratch for this sequel - maximum resolution is 1080p in TV mode - a bigger focus for Nintendo was the 60 frames per second - occasionally the resolution will be scaled down when there is too much ink displaying on the screen - Nintendo reduced the CPU load and refined the way to use CPU power effectively to maintain 60 fps in all matches - weapons were tweaked to let players be more creative by thinking about unique weapon characteristics and their best uses - weapons are designed to be effective when they are used during the right occasion - Special weapons are stronger than the original ones when used in the right situation, but weaker otherwise - the damage and effect of slowing down your movement when you step in the opponent's ink are reduced from original - you can jump up in rank if you're good enough, but only up until S - you can't jump up from C, B or A to S + - when you win battles in Ranked mode, the Ranked meter fills and your rank goes up when its fully filled - when you lose a battle, the gauge does not decrease, but the meter starts to crack - once the meter reaches its limit, it breaks - when the meter breaks, you have to start over again from the beginning or from a lower rank - highest rank is still S +, but if you fill up the Ranked meter, you get numbers after the alphabet such as «S +1», «S +2» and so on - maximum number is «S +50», but this number will not be displayed to your opponent - you are the only one to see it, and you can check it on your own status screen - Ranked Power is calculated by an algorithm to measure how strong each player is with minuteness - this will determine if a player's rank is worthy of receiving a big jump (like from «C» to «A»)- Ranked Power has no relation to your splat rate, and is more tied into to how well you lead your team to victory - you won't drop off more than one rank even if you play poorly - stage rotation time was changed to two hours - this was done because the devs expected people to play for an hour or so, but they found people play much longer - with Salmon Run, Nintendo considered how to implement a co-op oriented mode in a player - versus - player type of game - the devs will monitor how users are playing this mode to see if there's some tweaks they can throw in - more Salmon Run maps will be added in the future, but Nintendo wouldn't comment on adding more enemy types to the mode - rewards are changed each time Salmon Run is played - you can obtain rewards when playing locally, but not gear - originally Nintendo had an idea for this mode, but had no background setting, enemy designs, etc. - Inoue suggested that it should be salmon - themed - when Nintendo hosted the Splatfest that pit Callie against Marie, the development of Splatoon 2 had started - the devs had already decided to have the result reflected in the sequel - they even had an idea to announce the Splatfest with a phrase «Your choice will change the next Splatoon» - the timing to announce a sequel wasn't right, so they decided against this - they eventually released a series of short stories about the Squid Sisters to show how the Splatfest affected the sequel's story - Nintendo wouldn't say if Marina is an Octoling, and noted that Inklings are not paying attention to this too much - Inklings don't care about appearances, as long as everyone is doing something fresh - the Squid Sisters had composers who produced their songs, but Off the Hook are composing their music by themselves - Pearl is genius artist, but she couldn't find a right partner because she's a bit too edgy - she eventually found Marina as a partner though, and their chemistry is sparkling right now - Nintendo is planning a year of content updates for Splatoon 2 - when finished, the quantity of stages will be more than the original - some of the additional stages are totally new and some will be arranged stages from the first game - not all original stages will return and they are choosing stages based on the potential for them to be improved - Brella is shotgun-esque weapon, so the ink hits your opponent more if you are closer - it can shield damage when you open it, but the amount of damage has a limit and once it reaches it, it breaks - you can shoot ink, but you can't use the shield feature when it breaks - the shield won't prevent your allies ink - there are more new weapon categories which haven't been revealed yet - there are no other ranked modes outside of the three current options - the future holds any sort of possibility, but the devs didn't get specific about adding more content like that - for the modes, they adjusted the rule designs so that players will experience the more interesting aspects

So when the Fine Arts Museums of San Francisco made a deal early this year to acquire 62 works by 22 contemporary African American artists, the museums decided to produce a full - scale exhibition with catalog in four months — a fraction of the normal lead time — to celebrate.

The exhibition features new large - scale drawings by KARA WALKER influenced by time spent in Rome earlier this year.

The exhibition will be the first large - scale show of work by Frink in the North West for several years and the first time the gallery has dedicated a major exhibition to her in its 55 - year history.

Highlights of the Evening Sale include the full - scale six - foot «sketch» for View on the Stour near Dedham, circa 1821 - 22, by John Constable, R.A. (1776 - 1837), the last great six - foot sketch in private hands (estimate on request), and Golden Hours, 1864, by Frederic, Lord Leighton (1830 — 1896), a celebration of youth, beauty, and love, which is offered at auction for the first time in 100 years (estimate: # 3 - 5 million).

Tom Parker's large scale painting «Bridge Through Time» was inspired by the Pont Des Arts bridge in Paris where thousands of lovers go each year to declare their love by placing an initials - inscribed padlock on the bridge spanning the River Seine.

Initiated in 2015, the large - scale group exhibition organized by artists Jonas Burgert, John Isaacs, Christian Achenbach, Zhivago Duncan, Andrej Golder, Andreas Mühe and David Nicholson under the name of Artist Weekend, is taking place for the second time over this year's Gallery Weekend.

Seven venues are participating in the programme for the first time in 2018 and this year's displays include works by American photographer Diane Arbus, influential German artists Anselm Kiefer and Gerhard Richter, as well as the opportunity to see large - scale abstract paintings by Agnes Martin.

This small - scale exhibition does not document the events of this year nor does it aim to predict the ones of next years, it rather sets to confront the deep and rapid changes brought to our culture by the historic developments, claiming that art's specific language possesses unique possibilities that allow us to identify the most intimate representations and aspirations of our times and to offer us the critical instruments for making sense of our reality and for approaching our common future.

Robinson presented his earliest paintings at the historic Times Square Show organized by Colab in 1980 at an abandoned building on West 41st Street, and within two years was exhibiting modestly scaled but brashly colored paintings of pulp romance cover illustrations at the seminal Metro Pictures gallery.

Six years on, now is the time to take stock of how these initiatives, particularly those led by artist or writer - led startups, have scaled.

Contributed by Sharon Butler / Last time I saw a solo of Ryan McLaughlin's endearing, small - scale paintings was in 2013 at Laurel Gitlen, a painting - friendly LES gallery that closed a little over a year ago.

Having started by creating unusual, small - scale assemblages out of urban junk retrieved from downtown Manhattan, he spent an increasing amount of time in his later years - having achieved a degree of international fane - on vast international, ambassadorial - like projects, many of which were conceived in his huge studio at Captiva, off the south - western coast of Florida.

Today's New York Times Lens blog features the series That Year of Living by Jeffrey Henson Scales, whose exhibition of the same title will be on view in the Light Work Main Gallery until July 10.

American artist Spencer Finch (b. 1962) has created a large - scale, site - specific installation at the Morgan inspired by its great collection of medieval Books of Hours — beautiful, hand - painted works that served as personal prayer books for different times of the day and different periods of the year.

[Response: From the Supporting Online Information: The 14 proxy series were each smoothed to remove variations on time scales shorter than 20 years by the application of a Gaussian - weighted filter that reduces the amplitude of 20 - year cycles by 50 % and shorter cycles by more than this.

For instance, an influential analysis by Hawking & Sutton (2009)(link to figures) has suggested that internal climate variability account for only about 20 % of the variance over the British isles on a 50 - year time scale.

Arctic sea ice is varying there because of dynamics AND thermodynamics on many time scales and driven by all manner of influences — with much of the recent drop due to a big flush of thick old ice many years ago.

If we divide this number by the CO2 invasion flux into the ocean of 2 Gt C / year, we get an apparent uptake time scale of 80 years.

By the way, on time scales much shorter than 100,000 years we are about due for the next switch.

Over even longer time scales (hundreds of years) there are a number of paleo - records that correlate with records of cosmogenic isotopes (particularly 10Be and 14C), however, these records are somewhat modulated by climate processes themselves (the carbon cycle in the case of 14C, aerosol deposition and transport processes for 10Be) and so don't offer an absolutely clean attribution.

In my opinion, this is a question of the time scale considered: the variations from year to year are obviously dominated by weather, and also decadal variations — such as the warming (probably the increase of the flow) from 1990 to the middle of the 2000s and the subsequent cooling (slowdown of the flow)-- are likely to be mainly natural variations.

[Response: Ultimately, the CO2 inventories of both the atmosphere and the ocean are regulated by the CO2 weathering thermostat mechanism, on a time scale of hundreds of thousands of years.

Sudden climate transitions during the Quaternary Abstract The time span of the past few million years has been punctuated by many rapid climate transitions, most of them on time scales of centuries to decades or even less.

She continues by emphasizing the too - little appreciated fact that — in the words of climate scientist Susan Solomon — «atmospheric temperatures... are not expected to decrease significantly even if the carbon emissions cease» and that warming is essentially irreversible over a «time scale exceeding the end of the millennium in year 3000.»