Sentences with phrase «yeast gene in»

After years of studying yeast genes in search of insights into how human DNA works, he was looking for a challenge.

Not exact matches

Here's how it works: Scientists identify the desired genes in a plant or animal and insert them into a host such as yeast.

Not to mention the yeast you buy in stores has undergone generations of aggressively gene - altering processes to produce the «perfect» loaf.

The researchers also modified some of the plant, rat and yeast genes, as well as the medium in which the yeast proliferates, to help everything work better together.

The result was an 18,000-fold improvement in noscapine output, compared with what could be obtained by just inserting the plant and rat genes into yeast.

One - third of yeast genes have counterparts in the human genome, many of which are associated with diseases, such as cancer.

Yoshinori Ohsumi, the most recent prizewinner, used baker's yeast to identify genes crucial in autophagy, the process by which cells recycle their components.

In yeast, for example, they've found that increasing the activity of a single gene, called Sir2, can significantly extend life span.

The new compounds boost the activity of Sir2 in yeast and of an analogous gene, SIRT1, in human cells.

For instance, I can run a project where I delete a gene in yeast to turn it from white to red.

Data published by the International Human Genome Sequencing Consortium indicate that somewhere between 113 and 223 genes present in bacteria and in the human genome are absent in well - studied organisms — such as the yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae, the fruit fly Drosophila melanogaster and the nematode Caenorhabditis elegans — that lie in between those two evolutionary extremes.

A class of small molecules found in grapes, red wine, olive oil, and other foods extends the life of yeast cells by approximately 70 % and activates genes known to extend life span in laboratory animals.

To answer this question, the researchers created numerous premature stop signs, known as nonsense mutations, in test genes in human and yeast cells.

GENES that protect yeast DNA from oxidising free radicals could one day lead to drugs that prevent cancer and ageing in people.

Cobbling together the genes of three different species, chemical engineer Jay Keasling (Discover's 2006 Scientist of the Year) of the University of California at Berkeley transformed a metabolic pathway in yeast that allows the engineered microbe to produce a precursor to artemisinin, a compound used to treat malaria.

Upon joining the lab, Lee chose a high - risk project — «it sounded like more fun,» she says — aimed at determining whether a key gene in the yeast cell cycle, cdc2, was also present in human cells.

Although the whole drive to understand the molecular basis of beer production involves modern tools that are used in biotechnology, such as real - time polymerase chain reaction (PCR), gene chips, proteomics, mass spectrometers, and so forth, genetic manipulation is not acceptable in any form — not in any of the raw materials or the yeast.

The only trouble was that the Nasmyth lab was devoted entirely to the study of the HO gene (involved in mating - type switching) in the budding yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae.

The nonredundant protein sets of flies and worms are similar in size and are only twice that of yeast, but different gene families are expanded in each genome, and the multidomain proteins and signaling pathways of the fly and worm are far more complex than those of yeast.

«In various beer yeast lineages, specific genes have been amplified, deleted, or altered to optimize growth in beer fermenters and beer taste.&raquIn various beer yeast lineages, specific genes have been amplified, deleted, or altered to optimize growth in beer fermenters and beer taste.&raquin beer fermenters and beer taste.»

Already, researchers have used CRISPR / Cas9 to edit genes in human cells grown in lab dishes, monkeys (SN: 3/8/14, p. 7), dogs (SN: 11/28/15, p. 16), mice and pigs (SN: 11/14/15, p. 6), yeast, fruit flies, the worm Caenorhabditis elegans, zebrafish, tobacco and rice.

RNA - guided gene drives can efficiently and reversibly bias inheritance in wild yeast.

She still does not know why he considered her at the time — «Maybe it was just my enthusiasm,» she wonders — but he nonetheless became her mentor as she studied the transcriptional activation of the cell - cycle regulated HO gene in the yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae.

They found numerous genes activated in the XYL regulon - controlled yeast that upregulated pathways involved in growth, such as cell wall maintenance, cell division, mitochondrial biogenesis and adenosine triphosphate (ATP) production.

Finally, the authors addressed two major challenges for any study that generates large data - sets of individual genes and proteins in model organisms like yeast: How to assemble the data into coherent maps?

«First, we had to figure out much better methods to find human counterparts of yeast genes, and then we had to arrange the humanized set of genes in a meaningful way,» explained Peng, now Assistant Professor of Computer Sciences at University of Illinois, Urbana - Champaign.

The researchers discovered the actions of multiple independent meiotic drivers in fission yeasts in an earlier study, reported in 2014 in eLife, but didn't know which genes were responsible, or how they destroyed gametes that didn't inherit the genes.

Not only did the researchers figure out how poppies carry out this missing step, he says, but they also transferred the gene to yeast and showed it works in microbes as well.

Also, most DIY biologists are interested in building genetic circuits in bacteria or yeast, and they can generally do this using well - established techniques, such as SLiCE (seamless ligation cloning extract), and with genes that have been synthesized by commercial suppliers or that can be obtained from the iGEM registry.

Fishel and Kolodner had been studying the bacteria and yeast genes involved in the repair process that operates when base pairs slip out of alignment during replication, producing mismatches of bases.

When Fishel and Kolodner heard of the accumulation of mutations in cancer cells from patients with familial colon cancer, they suspected that the gene responsible would be similar to the bacterial and yeast genes they had studied.

Dr Nadeau added «Our results are even more surprising because the cortex gene was previously thought to only be involved in producing egg cells in female insects, and is very similar to a gene that controls cell division in everything from yeast to humans.»

After working on the genetics of yeasts during a Ph.D. in pharmacy at the University of Valencia, Gil moved to the United States for a postdoc on human suppressor genes.

They identified and isolated a gene family with GNA1 function, which was confirmed by enzyme activity assays in vitro and by its capacity to restore growth in yeasts lacking GNA1.

This group found that DNA damage was repaired when human hereditary disorder type mutations (xrs2 mutations) were introduced in yeast XRS2 genes, but it was repaired with more errors than a DNA sequence with no mutations.

The research was done in brewer's yeast, but it can potentially be applied in insects, aquatic organisms and plants using a new gene editing technique known as CRISPR - Cas9.

But while this study has proved that the technique works in a simple organism, it could also be applied to other bacterial species, yeast or even human cells to find useful information about how genes are controlled and how they can be manipulated.

So what we did is we wanted to ask what happened in the history of a pair of gene [s] in, regular role, brewer's and baker's yeast that is used these days.

The results, published in the April issue of G3: Genes Genomes Genetics, a publication of the Genetics Society of America, suggest that winemakers attempting to develop improved wine yeasts will need to look to creating hybrids with more exotic strains.

What we were surprised to find out was that the real differences we could detect in terms of when we did the swap experiments to say which yeast could outperform the other — what we learned was that the GAL1 gene, that the part [of] that, the DNA sequence is outside of the GAL1 gene, it acts as a switch to turn up or turn down GAL1 expression, that had evolved considerably from the ancestral situation; and same for the GAL3.And then what had happened was that each function had been optimized, that GAL3 had sort have been tuned to be sort of a loosely regulated kind of available anytime sensor of galactose and GAL1 had evolved to be an incredibly tightly regulated, in fact, it's the most tightly regulated gene you know of in yeast.

And what we did is, in order to figure all this out, sort of trace the path of evolution, we did a whole bunch of sort of, swapping experiments, where we swappedGAL1 for GAL3and we swapped the ancestral protein type of protein in for GAL1or for GAL3, and we even swapped the GAL1and GAL3in for the ancestral protein, in another yeast that didn't have the duplication take place; and from this whole series of experiments, we really expected to find out pretty much how the proteins have changed; and the surprise was that most of [the] adaptive change that had taken place wasn't in the protein, it was in how the two genes were regulated.

They tested their system on a pair of yeast transcription factors and used the data to predict which yeast genes the proteins would target, they report in this week's Science.

For instance, the yeasts used to brew the Japanese beverage sake carry genes not found in wine and ale yeasts.

A yeast retrotransposon called Ty3, the researchers have found, is especially judicious: it always inserts itself in safe places, outside genes rather than inside them, and only near genes of which a yeast cell has many copies.

So, I'll just say a little more about why yeast; which is, over the decades, yeast molecular biologists have devised so many powerful tools that allow you to make very precise changes in yeast, in their DNA; exquisite control, where you can change a single base that you want in a particular place, you can put a whole gene in, take a whole gene out, swap genes etc..

The approach hadn't seemed within close reach until geneticists last year demonstrated gene drive in fruit flies and yeast by harnessing a gene - editing technique called CRISPR / Cas9.

In this episode, Scientific American news editor Phil Yam discusses how veterinarians, physicians and multinational food companies need to work together in the global fight against animal - borne infectious diseases; and University of Wisconsin evolutionary biologist Sean Carroll talks about recent research tracking the evolution of yeast genes with specific functions descended from a single, duplicated gene with multiple functionIn this episode, Scientific American news editor Phil Yam discusses how veterinarians, physicians and multinational food companies need to work together in the global fight against animal - borne infectious diseases; and University of Wisconsin evolutionary biologist Sean Carroll talks about recent research tracking the evolution of yeast genes with specific functions descended from a single, duplicated gene with multiple functionin the global fight against animal - borne infectious diseases; and University of Wisconsin evolutionary biologist Sean Carroll talks about recent research tracking the evolution of yeast genes with specific functions descended from a single, duplicated gene with multiple functions.

In yeast that lack the gene for either Cue1p or Ubc7p, the misfolded protein remained in the ER and was never tagged with ubiquitiIn yeast that lack the gene for either Cue1p or Ubc7p, the misfolded protein remained in the ER and was never tagged with ubiquitiin the ER and was never tagged with ubiquitin.

So you're doing the work in yeast and you are looking at this particular gene construct and an ancestral version of it.

For Longo, it all added up: The same growth genes that regulate aging and protect against age - related diseases in yeast, mice, and roundworms might have an identical effect in humans.