And to do so, Ottersbach and her team are trying to understand how the disease might begin, even before birth, by looking at cells in the lab as well as
young mice with the disease.
Previous studies have shown that
young mice with specific immune system defects are susceptible to Zika infection.
The authors went on to study
young mice with white - matter nerve damage similar to that seen in premature babies.
Using a surgical technique called parabiosis to join the circulatory system of
a young mouse with that of an old one, the researchers studied the effects of young blood on elderly cells, and vice versa.
Meet Quill,
a young mouse with dreams of greatness beyond the confines of her quiet forest settlement.
Quill,
a young mouse with dreams of greatness, is called on an epic journey.
Not exact matches
There are the usual suspects, like pricey pills and supplements, as well as the peculiar, such as infusions of blood from
young mice or standing - room chambers pumped
with sub-zero temperatures.
The team found neonatal
mice with the mutations had normal - appearing skin, and the dry itchy skin of dermatitis did not develop until the
mice were a few months old, the equivalent of a
young adult in human years.
As expected,
young mice treated
with THC performed slightly worse on behavioral tests of memory and learning.
With no more than a change in diet, laboratory agouti
mice (left) were prompted to give birth to
young (right) that differed markedly in appearance and disease susceptibility.
Specifically, the researchers found that a peptide, called STAT6 - IP, when delivered to the lungs of neonatal
mice at the time of first RSV exposure reduces the development of allergic - type lung inflammation and airway hyperresponsiveness («twitchy» airways) in
mice when they are «re-challenged»
with RSV as
young adults.
To find out more about what underlies the cognitive decline that occurs
with ageing, André Fischer of the European Neuroscience Institute in Göttingen, Germany, and colleagues analysed DNA from the brains of both
young and old
mice that had been set tasks involving learning and memory.
For this procedure, a smaller,
younger mouse is paired
with a larger, older, and more aggressive
mouse.
To make their discovery, scientists infected
mice with RSV, first as infants and then again as
young adults.
Part of the problem, he says, is that the incidence of many human chronic diseases rises
with age, yet many researchers prefer using
young mice because of the pressures of being published and getting funding.
In 2013, researchers reported that they were able to cure hypertrophy in
mice by surgically merging the circulatory systems of an older
mouse with a
younger mouse.
«From other studies ***** we know that epigenetic modifications of the DPP4 gene, which are associated
with an increased production of the enzyme, have a negative impact on the liver metabolism already in
young mice, long before fatty liver disease emerges,» says Baumeier.
«The effects of
young blood on cognition have not been replicated by an independent group, and there has never been a test
with a
mouse model of Alzheimer's.»
After 18 - month - old
mice were treated
with NMN for two months, their capillary density was restored to levels typically seen in
young mice, and they experienced a 56 to 80 percent improvement in endurance.
Additionally, the researchers report online today in Cell, old
mice injected
with this protein for 30 days developed
younger, stronger heart tissue.
In their research on
young mice, for instance, all the subjects died when they were infected
with the Nodamura virus, but when Ding's researchers removed the suppressor protein called B2 from the virus, the infected
mice began producing huge armies of the virus - attacking siRNAs and lived, unaffected by the otherwise lethal infection.
GDF - 11, which regulates the growth of spinal and olfactory (smell) receptors, is produced abundantly in
young mice, but production drops off
with age.
The researchers then infected
younger and older
mice with the bacteria Streptococcus pneumoniae, which causes so - called pneumococcal pneumonia.
At
young adulthood, Larsson's
mice resembled those three times their age,
with bone and muscle loss, heart disease — even baldness.
Its concentration was low and steady at
young ages - within the known critical period for
mice — and ramped up
with age.
When she and Duarte raised the burying beetle larvae
with germ - free
mice, which lack any gut bacteria, the
young did not grow as large as those buried
with regular
mice.
Three
mice injected
with the new synthetic EPO showed bursts in the numbers of
young red blood cells that rivaled levels in those injected
with Procrit, a commercial EPO.
«Vaccines protect fetuses from Zika infection,
mouse study shows: Mothers vaccinated prior to pregnancy bore
young with no sign of virus.»
When examined at the time of weaning, the
young mice displayed reduced body weight, a symptom that has been associated
with an increased risk of metabolic disease later in life.
He is quick to add, however, that even though the old female
mice with newly viable eggs were allowed to cavort
with young, studly
mice, they did not produce offspring.
The breeders were either old (12 month) or
young (3 month) males, each bred
with two
young (3 month) female
mice.
Young mice paired with old mice (left chart, two - toned) made fewer new cells in the brain's hippocampus than when paired with another young mouse (yel
Young mice paired
with old
mice (left chart, two - toned) made fewer new cells in the brain's hippocampus than when paired
with another
young mouse (yel
young mouse (yellow).
This artificial joining of two separate animals, known as parabiosis, was a staple of physiology experiments for over a century before Irina Conboy got the idea to pair an old
mouse with a
young one.
Enter a mutant
mouse strain that is afflicted at a
young age
with many of the diseases common to older humans.
Old
mice made hundreds more new brain cells when paired
with a
young mouse (right chart, two - toned) than when paired
with an old
mouse (teal).
Changes in muscle repair
with aging were determined by injecting the old
mice and
young mice (neither group exercised)
with snake venom commonly used to induce muscle injury in rodent studies.
The researchers harvested satellite cells from both healthy and injured muscle tissue of
young mice and from healthy tissue of old
mice; extracted these cells» DNA
with the histone coatings intact; and used tagged antibodies targeting the different kinds of marks to find which spots on those histones were flagged
with either «stop» or «go» signals.
The surprise came when Gewirtz's team infected the
mice with rotavirus, a common cause of severe diarrhea in
young children.
In one group of
mice, he and his colleagues dosed their mothers
with a synthetic compound that simulates a mild viral infection during late pregnancy; when their offspring hit early puberty at about 6 weeks of age, the
young mice were exposed to unpredictable stress, such as being restrained, deprived of water, or given electric foot shocks.
Instead, they found, in quiescent satellite cells taken from the
younger mice, copious instances in which histones in the vicinity of genes ordinarily reserved for other tissues were marked
with both «stop» and «go» signals, just as genes associated
with development to mature - muscle status were.
Interrupting their development
with antibiotics disturbs the metabolism of
young mice and boosts their risk of obesity later on.
It was one of the most mind - bending scientific reports in 2014: Injecting old
mice with the plasma portion of blood from
young mice seemed to improve the elderly rodents» memory and ability to learn.
Scientists have created a strain of
mice with ovaries that essentially remain
young until the animals die.
Vampire stories aside, the idea of rejuvenating the body
with young blood dates back to macabre 1950s experiments that stitched
young and old
mice together so they shared a circulatory system.
Their
younger cousins recovered fine, as did older
mice with telomerase intact, but more than half of the aged, telomere - depleted
mice died from the treatment.
But they also showed only continuous stimulation decreased the amount of time
mice spent interacting
with young mice, considered to be an undesirable side effect.
For example,
Young's research shows normally monogamous prairie voles do not develop pair bonds
with their mates if their mu - opioid system is blocked; other studies have found that
mice genetically engineered to have no mu - opioid receptors do not prefer their mothers to other
mice the way normal baby
mice do.
The researchers compared their new
mouse model
with young mice that have immune system defects and are known to die several days after Zika infection.
A 36 - hour coculture of aged HSCs (from 18 - 24 month - old
mice)
with young MSCs (from 6 - 8 week - old
mice) reversed signs of aging in HSCs
The researchers compared one group of
mice that gave birth four times
with a second group of
mice that gave birth only once, some of these at the same age that the first group had its fourth litter and some at a
younger age.