Sentences with word «yttrium»

The spin wave circuit that the researchers built, consists of a 200 nanometre thin layer of yttrium iron garnet (a mineral and magnetic insulator, YIG in short), with a conducting platinum strip on top of that on both sides.

«One of the developments that makes our fabrication process innovative is that we deposited yttrium oxide (Y2O3) insulator directly onto the surface of the diamond [to form the gate],» said Liu.

This paper describes a method of preparing the precursor of cerium doped yttrium aluminum garnet (YAG: Ce) followed by heat treatment at 1100 °C and surface modification by decorating with gold nanoparticles.

To do so, the researchers coupled the platinum to a layer of a magnetic insulator, a material known as yttrium iron garnet.

They observed coherent interaction between a magnon and a microwave photon by placing a millimeter - sized ferromagnetic sphere made of yttrium iron garnet in a centimeter - scale microwave cavity.

Fluorescent and luminescent materials, such as yttrium aluminum garnet doped with different metal ions (rare earths or transition metals), have found applicability in various fields, from optoelectronics (i.e.: lighting systems, LCDs, CRTs, lasers) to aerospace (i.e: thermal barriers) and biotechnological applications (i.e.: fluorescence marker, contrast agent in medical imaging, imaging screens, drug delivery etc).

But this process leaves much to be desired in terms of efficiency and purity: it needs to be repeated dozens of times to recover a high percentage of a particular rare earth metal, and there will still be traces of yttrium in the europium - containing liquid and vice versa.»

By adding a moderator (or slowing - down material) called yttrium deuteride (YD2), the team found that LLFP transmutation efficiency increased in the radial blanket and shield regions of the reactor.

The two phases for proton and electron conduction are marked in color: barium cerate doped with europium oxide (BCEO) and cerium doped with yttrium and europium oxide (CYO).

Herb Mook and colleagues at Oak Ridge National Laboratory in Tennessee shot a beam of neutrons at a large crystal of yttrium barium copper oxide (YBCO), the most widely studied of the cuprate superconductors (Science, 1 February, p. 787).

Another important finding is the blossoming of yttrium manganite in unanticipated directions — including the possibility of studying cosmic string formation in the early universe under a laboratory microscope.

In early 2015, KU Leuven chemists developed ionic liquid technology to recycle europium and yttrium from collected fluorescent lamps and low - energy light bulbs.

BOTTOM: Introducing a third element with a dramatically different atomic radius, in this case large yttrium atoms (yellow spheres), frustrates the alloy's tendency to crystallize, so it solidifies in a random, or amorphous, pattern similar to that of glass.

YAG (yttrium aluminium garnet) lasers emit ten super-short pulses of light each second, which superheat the paint, blasting it off in chips, rather than heating the surface.

High - temperature superconductors are exotic mixes of materials like yttrium or bismuth that, when chilled to around 180 degrees Fahrenheit above absolute zero -LRB--280 ºF), lose all resistance to electricity, whereas low - temperature superconductors must be chilled to several degrees above absolute zero.

Several of the stars boast unusually high abundances of the heavy elements yttrium and strontium, which the team think formed in earlier generations of fast - spinning stars.

Rare earth elements (which yttrium, europium, terbium and dysprosium are all considered) are used extensively in technology such as smart phones, electric and hybrid cars, rechargeable batteries, and screen display panels.

The fine wire design has a platinum center electrode, yttrium ground electrodes, a nickel - plated shell, a copper core, and a ceramic insulator.

The investigated spin valve structure is a trilayer system comprising the insulating ferromagnet yttrium iron garnet (YIG), the insulating antiferromagnet cobalt (II) oxide (CoO), and the metallic ferromagnet cobalt (Co): YIG / CoO / Co.

The major problem has been that yttrium oxidizes instead of forming an alloy with the platinum.

To make that possible, the researchers deposited a very thin film of the material (the brownmillerite phase) onto a substrate, for which they used yttrium - stabilized zirconia.

The result is a nanometre - thin film of the new alloy that allows mass - produced platinum and yttrium fuel cell catalysts.

In 1794 Gadolin concluded that the specimen contained an entirely new element, later named yttrium.

Extraordinarily high proton conductivity in water - containing barium yttrium stannate.

In 2006, condensation in a ferromagnetic yttrium - iron - garnet thin film was seen even at room temperature, [23][24] with optical pumping.

According to Liu, yttrium oxide has many desirable qualities, including high thermal stability, strong affinity to oxygen and wide band gap energy, which contributes to its capabilities as an insulator.

Professor Park Je - Geun, Associate Director of the Center for Correlated Electron Systems (CCES), within the Institute for Basic Science (IBS), and colleagues have observed, quantified and created a new theoretical model of the coupling of two forms of collective atomic excitation, known as magnons and phonons in crystals of the antiferromagnet manganite (Y, Lu) MnO3, a mineral made of manganese oxide and rare - earth elements called yttrium (Y) and lutetium (Lu).

Elements were frequently named for the town or region where they were discovered, sometimes in a very provincial manner, as was the case with yttrium.

For other applications, however, it is necessary to separate europium and yttrium from the rare - earth mixture.

Ginsberg and her colleagues get around these problems by employing a process called «cathodoluminescence,» in which an ultrathin scintillating film, about 20 nanometers thick, composed of cerium - doped yttrium aluminum perovskite, is inserted between the electron beam and the sample.

Previous research has shown that it is possible to mix platinum with other metals, such as yttrium, to reduce the amount of platinum in a fuel cell.

The technique, known as second harmonic generation, uses a neodymium YAG (yttrium aluminium garnet) crystal laser to emit laser light at a wavelength of about 1 micrometre.

High - temperature superconductors are exotic mixes of materials like yttrium or bismuth that, when chilled to around -170 degrees Celsius (280 degrees below zero Fahrenheit), lose all resistance to electricity, whereas low - temperature superconductors must be chilled to several degrees above absolute zero.

Professor Tom Van Gerven from the Department of Chemical Engineering explains: «The traditional method dissolves europium and yttrium in aqueous acid.

The team used their diamond sensor to measure properties of a thin layer of yttrium barium copper oxide (YBCO), one of the two most popular types of high - temperatures superconductor.

By ricocheting neutrons off the atoms of yttrium manganite (YMnO3) heated to 3,000 degrees Fahrenheit, researchers have discovered the atomic mechanisms that give the...

Scientific Reports published this week set out the discovery of a seemingly indefinite deposit of yttrium, europium, terbium and dysprosium that exists off the coast of Japan.

REMs are grouped together in the periodic table and include 15 lanthanides, plus scandium and yttrium; they have similar properties, most importantly to discharge and accept electrons.

It starts off right with a laser - welded platinum - tipped center electrode with a core of nickel - yttrium, copper, and platinum and a ceramic insulator.

Now, Renner and colleagues have found vortices that agree with the theory in a high - temperature copper - based superconductor, studying a compound of yttrium, barium, copper and oxygen.

The full name is erbium - doped yttrium - aluminum - garnet laser rod, which Ferren is willing to concede makes a mouthful for anyone without a degree in optics or physics.

The rare earth elements — or as chemists call them, the lanthanides plus scandium and yttrium — might not be household names, but they are common in every household.

Spanning 17 elements — from lanthanum to lutetium, plus scandium and yttrium — they find use in computers, screens, superconductors, oil refineries, hybrid or electric vehicles, catalytic converters, compact fluorescent lightbulbs, light - emitting diodes, lasers, audio speakers and microphones, cell phones, MRI machines, telecommunications, battery electrodes, advanced weapons systems, polished glass, and even the electric motors that run automobile windows.

«Rare earth» is an alternative name for the lanthanides — elements 57 to 71 — plus yttrium and scandium.

BMGs are metal alloys composed typically of three or more elements, such as magnesium, copper, and yttrium (Mg - Cu - Y).

«Another innovation was that the yttrium oxide was deposited as a single layer,» Liu said.

«We added the yttrium oxide to the diamond with a technique known as electron beam evaporation, which involves using a beam of electrons to transform molecules of yttrium oxide from the solid state to the gaseous state so that they can be made to cover a surface and solidify on it.»

These range from a few micrograms (e.g. gold, indium, lutetium), or more than a milligram (e.g. zinc, scandium, yttrium, niobium, gadolinium), to more than a gram per day (e.g. phosphorus, iron, sulphur).