The phrase "record quarter" means that a company has achieved its highest ever performance or made the most profit in a three-month period. Full definition
«I think we will set a new [sales] record this quarter; so things are going well,» he said. (bgr.com)
And he offered a carrot as well: 5 - per - hour bonuses each for any employee compiling a perfect attendance or a perfect safety record each quarter. (inc.com)
But the stock peaked a year before its final record quarter, and rolled over well before its earnings did. (theirrelevantinvestor.com)