An "umbrella term" is a word or phrase that describes a broad category or concept which includes many different subcategories or related terms. It's like a large umbrella that covers a lot of smaller things underneath it. Full definition
As we mentioned, emotional disturbance is a commonly used umbrella term for a number of different mental disorders. (parentcenterhub.org)
One of the problems with carbohydrates is it's a big umbrella term covering a lot of foods — both good and bad. (thebettyrocker.com)
In mental health counseling, a therapist is a broader umbrella term for professionals who are trained and typically licensed to perform a variety of treatments and rehabilitation for people. (allthingswell.com)