Because of the large average litter, many owners can not place the puppies in homes and they are surrendered. (sspca.org)
Average litter size for females was 6.22, with less than one puppy on average being stillborn. (ashgi.org)
25 years of neuter / return has effect comparable to reducing average litter size from four kittens to one MOUNT RANIER, Maryland ---- The largest return of data yet from a national survey of cat rescue and sterilization programs shows a cumulative reduction of 72 % in kitten births at monitored colonies since the introduction of neuter / return feral cat -LSB-...] (animals24-7.org)