The phrase "basic workings" refers to the fundamental or most essential components or functions of something. It is used to describe the simple and fundamental aspects that make something function or operate. Full definition
Advance holds promise for «wiring» of quantum computers and other systems, and opens new avenues for understanding basic workings of the quantum realm. (news.mit.edu)
«Research into basic workings of immune system points to way of improving therapies for cancer: Differences in wiring of «exhausted» and effective T cells indicate possible gene - editing targets.» (sciencedaily.com)
Aristotle, indeed, emphasizes the difference, as well as the continuity, between mental activity and the basic workings of nature. (religion-online.org)