"Colour coding" refers to assigning different colors to categorize or distinguish something. It is a visual method to easily identify or organize information, objects, or tasks based on their color. Full definition
There are some cards that make use of colour coding for their actions — for example, «earn a victory point for every red building in your empire». (meeplelikeus.co.uk)
An example paragraph colour coded for discussion and guidance. (tes.com)
Use colour coded stickers on light switches to indicate which can be turned off (green) and which need to stay on (red). (educationbusinessuk.net)