Bitcoin uses SHA - 256, which is a set of cryptographic hash functions designed by the U.S National Security Agency. (thecryptocurrencynews.org)
Because the data encoded into the IPFS system is accompanied by a unique cryptographic hash of its digital content, the actual links to the content can not be changed or altered. (bitcoinmagazine.com)
By using cryptographic hash functions, they try to solve a block having the latest transaction data in it. (coinscage.com)