The engine just clicked once when I tried to start it, and there was now an error code for «multiple cylinder misfire» in addition to the bad sensor, which I've read is a logical next thing to go wrong if your camshaft position sensor is bad. (mechanics.stackexchange.com)
It eventually set off the check engine light with cylinder 1 misfire and random cylinder misfire. (mechanics.stackexchange.com)
To answer your question directly: To my knowledge there is no way a slipping serpentine belt would cause a single cylinder misfire, let alone all of them to show a misfire. (mechanics.stackexchange.com)