Surveys off the U.S. West Coast and in the eastern tropical Pacific have shown that the upwelling of deep ocean water rich in nutrients supports dense patches of krill that blue whales feed on. (sciencedaily.com)
This upward rush of cold water would have brought nutrients to the surface, allowing phytoplankton to bloom and whale prey such as krill to flourish in dense patches at certain times of the year. (scientificamerican.com)
With enough good quasar spectra, close enough together, the position of the gas clouds can be mapped in three dimensions — both along the line of sight for each quasar and transversely among dense patches revealed by other quasar spectra. (sciencedaily.com)