Desired gene mutations are assumed to have caused this not to happen in the flat faced breeds such as boxers, bulldogs and Shih Tzus. (2ndchance.info)
Here's how it works: Scientists identify the desired genes in a plant or animal and insert them into a host such as yeast. (fortune.com)
CRISPR - on's ability to activate only the desired genes at varying levels could be used to help scientists improve our understanding of transcription network underlying a variety of diseases and potentially find new ways to treat them. (sciencedaily.com)