Part of the enhanced cooling will be from direct radiation out from the atmosphere but the bulk will be from conversion of kinetic energy to potential energy in the expanded atmosphere. (newclimatemodel.com)
In our models we consider collisions, direct radiation pressure, and drag forces, i.e. the actual physical processes operating in debris discs. (arxiv.org)
The team recently reported diminished tree growth near Chernobyl, which he says likely results both from direct radiation effects and indirect effects such as reduced nutrient supply. (sciencedaily.com)