In doing so, I had joined two of the key features of AA that account for its dismal failure to arrive at prompt, full recovery, (1) the group format that allows fellowships of addiction to emerge as surrogate families, and (2) the clinical mindset of the psychological disease concept of addiction that views self - intoxication by problem drinkers and drug addicts as an innocent act committed by innocent individuals. (rational.org)
Showing no disinclination to enter controversy, Fingarette writes: «Once we free ourselves of the discredited classic disease concept, we no longer limit our attention to a relatively small group of diagnosed alcoholics whose drinking behavior allegedly derives from a single causal origin and follows a single inexorable course. (religion-online.org)
«There is also a group of patients who develop a range of symptoms, such as eye inflammation, joint inflammation and skin rashes, that are not explained by current TB disease concepts. (sciencedaily.com)