Unlike the parking sensors studied, which issue warnings when the vehicle gets too close to a vehicle or other object, it doesn't depend on driver response to be effective. (iihs.org)
Course components include a video presentation, a course leader - guided discussion, and Driver Response books for each participant. (aiskae.com)
And collision avoidance systems have a variety of capabilities, including audible alerts that require driver response, automatic emergency braking and even steering the car out of harm's way. (scientificamerican.com)