The phrase "explanatory factor" refers to something that helps explain or understand a particular situation, event, or outcome. It is a key factor or element that provides insights into why something happened the way it did. Full definition
Whilst all variables were included in one model, for clarity the results are presented separately for the different sets of explanatory factors. (gov.scot)
Within group differences by income were examined as a possible explanatory factor accounting for the ethnic differences, but it was not supported. (cambridge.org)
Candidate explanatory factors explained just over half the gradients, with family background factors explaining 8 % to 13 %, health factors 4 % to 6 %, home learning environment 18 %, parenting style / beliefs 14 % to 15 %, and early education 6 % to 7 % of the gaps between the lowest versus highest quintiles in reading and math. (pediatrics.aappublications.org)