The phrase "exponential rate" refers to something that is growing or increasing rapidly. It means that the rate of growth keeps getting bigger and faster over time. Full definition
Behind this shift in legislative choice was the perception that no economy can keep up with the burden of debts growing at exponential rates faster than the economy itself is growing. (michael-hudson.com)
We've know that's it's been out of balance for some time, but nothing in the natural world is lost at an accelerating exponential rate like this glacier. (treehugger.com)
As more and more human activity relies on computing power, the need for said power is growing at an almost exponential rate. (investinblockchain.com)