This can result in health issues as having balanced gastrointestinal flora is vital for effective digestion and balance in the immune system. (petsmagazine.com.sg)
Artichokes are not probiotic per se but can boost gastrointestinal flora as part of a probiotic diet. (verywellfit.com)
Manipulation of gastrointestinal flora with probiotics including Lactobacillus brevis was found to decrease the oxalate content in urine. (probioticamerica.com)