During these transformations, water is released and rises into the surrounding, hotter mantle where it decreases the melting temperature of the mantle rock. (sciencedaily.com)
A new study suggests that instead of a plume of hot mantle that extends down to Earth's core, the real culprit is a subducting tectonic plate that began sinking beneath North America hundreds of millions of years ago. (sciencenews.org)
These islands are so - called «hot - spots» with lava formed from hot mantle plumes that up - well beneath the oceanic crust. (sciencedaily.com)