The district judge at first instance rejected this argument, as did the circuit judge on the first appeal. (newlawjournal.co.uk)
The appeal judge at first instance dismissed the appeal on the basis that the trial judge had been correct in his approach. (tvedwards.com)
The employment judge at first instance found that the employer had reasonably believed that the contract became illegal with the expiry of the passport, and so the claimant could not enforce her claim for breach of contract. (newlawjournal.co.uk)