Previous classes of lasers were effective for superficial problems but class 4 lasers can penetrate deep in to tissue to allow treatment of large joints like hips, backs and shoulders. (aldergrovevet.com)
RA can also affect larger joints, the skin, lungs, kidneys and the heart and blood vessels, among other parts of the body. (sastaworld.com)
However, joint replacement surgeries of larger joints are very invasive operations and the joint replacements have a limited lifetime. (umu.diva-portal.org)