KIENZLE, E.; RAINBIRD, A. Maintenance energy requirement of dogs: What is the correct value for the calculation of metabolic body weight in dogs? (scielo.br)
Multiple studies examining a variety of breeds estimated an 18 - 24 % reduction in maintenance energy requirements compared to those of younger dogs (Finke, 1991; Kienzle & Rainbird, 1991; Taylor et al., 1995; Harper, 1997). (scielo.br)
Accuracy of the use of triaxial accelerometry for measuring daily activity as a predictor of daily maintenance energy requirement in healthy adult Labrador Retrievers. (waltham.com)