"Marine ecosystems" refers to the living organisms and their environment in bodies of saltwater, such as oceans and seas. It includes various plants and animals that exist in these habitats and the interactions between them. Full definition
There may be changes in nutrient availability, biological productivity, and the structure of marine ecosystems from the bottom of the food chain to the top. (doc.govt.nz)
The varied responses of species to ocean acidification and other stressors are likely to lead to changes in marine ecosystems, but the extent of the impact is difficult to predict. (sciencedaily.com)
The future impacts of anthropogenic global change on marine ecosystems are highly uncertain, but insights can be gained from past intervals of high atmospheric carbon dioxide partial pressure. (science.sciencemag.org)