"Meridional temperature" refers to the temperature changes that occur from the equator towards the poles. It describes how temperatures vary as you move from the tropical regions to the colder, polar regions. Full definition
In the Southern Ocean the increased meridional temperature gradient increases the strength of westerlies in all seasons at all longitudes. (realclimate.org)
In the Southern Ocean the increased meridional temperature gradient increases the strength of the westerlies in all seasons at all longitudes. (realclimate.org)
Further bias reductions could be achieved by addressing processes that lead to an underestimation of lower tropospheric meridional temperature gradients. (pacificclimate.org)